体育专业大学生指长比及其波动性不对称的特征

doi:10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2020.0013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨体育专业大学生指长比及其波动性不对称的特征,进而为体质人类学和优秀运动员身体形态特征的研究积累基础资料,本研究特招募374名18~25岁发育正常的汉族在校大学生为研究对象,按照专业和性别分为男生体育组（n=60）、男生普系组（n=143）、女生体育组（n=61）和女生普系组（n=110）,计算各个指长比及两侧指长比的波动不对称值并进行检验。结果显示男生体育组与男生普系组之间的指长比（R）存在统计学差异（P<0.05）,差异主要表现在R_2/5、R_3/5和R_4/5上,而女生体育组与女生普系组之间的指长比不存在统计学差异（P>0.05）。结果还显示男生体育组与男生普系组之间的偏差(σ)存在统计学差异（P<0.05）,差异主要表现在σ_2/3和σ_2/3上。而女生的指长比偏差在体育组与普系组之间不存在统计学差异（P>0.05）。通过分析讨论提示出大学生指长比及指长比偏差与性别和运动能力有关,R_3/5及σ_3/5可能与早期生长发育过程中的性激素的暴露水平有关,而且有望成为运动员选材的新生物标记。

关键词: 大学生, 指长比, 波动不对称, 性别, 运动能力, 激素

Abstract:

To explore the characteristics of the digit ratio(R) and its fluctuating asymmetry for college students majoring in physical education, so as to accumulate basic data for the study of physical anthropology and the physical characteristics of elite athletes, the subjects of this study were Han nationality college students aged 18 years and 25 years old with normal development (n=374). According to their major and sex, they were divided into male sports group (n=60), male general department group (n=143), female sports group (n=61) and female general department group (n=110). Length of the second digit to the fifth digit (L₂, L₃, L₄ and L₅) was measured by Photoshop 8.0 image processing software, and the fluctuation asymmetrical values of 6 finger length ratios (R) and bilateral finger length ratios were calculated. The normal distribution test, two independent samples T test and Mann-Whitney test of were carried out by SPSS 23.0 statistical software. The result shows there was significant difference in finger length ratios between male sports group and male general department group (P<0.05), which was mainly manifested in R_2/5, R_3/5 and R_4/5, but there was no significant difference in finger length ratios between female sports group and female general department group (P>0.05). The result also shows there was significant difference in the deviation of fluctuation asymmetrical values (σ) between male sports group and male general department group (P<0.05), and the difference was mainly manifested in σ_2/3 and σ_3/5. There was no significant difference in the σ value between the female sports group and the female general department group (P>0.05). The study shows that the the digit ratio and its σ are related to sex and sport ability. R_3/5 and σ_3/5 may be related to the exposure level of sex hormones during early growth and development, and they are expected to become new biomarkers for athlete selection.

Key words: college students, digit ratio, fluctuating asymmetry, sex, sport ability, hormone

中图分类号:

Q983

梁芝栋. 体育专业大学生指长比及其波动性不对称的特征[J]. 人类学学报, 2022, 41(01): 57-64.

LIANG Zhidong. Characteristics of finger length ratio and its fluctuation asymmetry of college students majoring in physical education[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2022, 41(01): 57-64.

图/表 7

参考文献 27

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指长(L_finger)	男生体育组		男生普系组		女生体育组		女生普系组
指长(L_finger)	平均值	标准差σ	平均值	标准差σ	平均值	标准差σ	平均值	标准差σ
Left L₂	71.4490	4.3444	69.9107	5.3966	66.0100	3.0521	64.2919	5.1233
Right L₂	71.3727	4.1479	70.3458	5.5736	66.3900	2.3263	64.5244	4.8299
Left L₃	80.2305	4.6657	78.5326	6.4524	74.2238	4.3562	71.7068	5.8338
Right L₃	79.9662	4.5164	78.7688	6.3527	74.3363	3.0962	72.2922	5.7274
Left L₄	75.5997	4.4729	73.7772	5.6827	69.3963	5.0411	67.4602	4.9867
Right L₄	75.5480	4.7008	74.0712	6.0977	69.2475	4.5757	68.0106	5.1747
Left L₅	60.9158	4.0976	57.6770	4.8232	54.3063	4.3639	53.2670	4.0737
Right L₅	61.1408	4.1679	58.4958	4.8545	55.4138	4.1671	53.3054	4.5326

指长(L_finger)	男生体育组		男生普系组		女生体育组		女生普系组
指长(L_finger)	平均值	标准差σ	平均值	标准差σ	平均值	标准差σ	平均值	标准差σ
Left L₂	71.4490	4.3444	69.9107	5.3966	66.0100	3.0521	64.2919	5.1233
Right L₂	71.3727	4.1479	70.3458	5.5736	66.3900	2.3263	64.5244	4.8299
Left L₃	80.2305	4.6657	78.5326	6.4524	74.2238	4.3562	71.7068	5.8338
Right L₃	79.9662	4.5164	78.7688	6.3527	74.3363	3.0962	72.2922	5.7274
Left L₄	75.5997	4.4729	73.7772	5.6827	69.3963	5.0411	67.4602	4.9867
Right L₄	75.5480	4.7008	74.0712	6.0977	69.2475	4.5757	68.0106	5.1747
Left L₅	60.9158	4.0976	57.6770	4.8232	54.3063	4.3639	53.2670	4.0737
Right L₅	61.1408	4.1679	58.4958	4.8545	55.4138	4.1671	53.3054	4.5326

指长比(R)	男生体育组		男生普系组		女生体育组		女生普系组
指长比(R)	平均值	标准差σ	平均值	标准差σ	平均值	标准差σ	平均值	标准差σ
Left R_2/3	0.8910	0.0202	0.8895	0.0265	0.8901	0.0244	0.8890	0.0271
Left R_2/4	0.9458	0.0282	0.9523	0.0339	0.9531	0.0352	0.9565	0.0365
Left R_2/5	1.1744	0.0495	1.2140	0.0576	1.2195	0.0687	1.2090	0.0653
Left R_3/4	1.0616	0.0227	1.0707	0.0220	1.0707	0.0246	1.0760	0.0307
Left R_3/5	1.3184	0.0546	1.3655	0.0639	1.3704	0.0756	1.3564	0.0749
Left R_4/5	1.2421	0.0493	1.2755	0.0578	1.2797	0.0592	1.2608	0.0641
Right R_2/3	0.8926	0.0193	0.8918	0.0248	0.8936	0.0227	0.8888	0.0312
Right R_2/4	0.9471	0.0266	0.9546	0.0373	0.9609	0.0434	0.9521	0.0359
Right R_2/5	1.1690	0.0445	1.2022	0.0515	1.2016	0.0580	1.2085	0.0686
Right R_3/4	1.0611	0.0213	1.0705	0.0300	1.0751	0.0280	1.0714	0.0234
Right R_3/5	1.3099	0.0506	1.3487	0.0594	1.3451	0.0652	1.3595	0.0826
Right R_4/5	1.2346	0.0443	1.2602	0.0509	1.2515	0.0591	1.2707	0.0775

指长比(R)	男生体育组		男生普系组		女生体育组		女生普系组
指长比(R)	平均值	标准差σ	平均值	标准差σ	平均值	标准差σ	平均值	标准差σ
Left R_2/3	0.8910	0.0202	0.8895	0.0265	0.8901	0.0244	0.8890	0.0271
Left R_2/4	0.9458	0.0282	0.9523	0.0339	0.9531	0.0352	0.9565	0.0365
Left R_2/5	1.1744	0.0495	1.2140	0.0576	1.2195	0.0687	1.2090	0.0653
Left R_3/4	1.0616	0.0227	1.0707	0.0220	1.0707	0.0246	1.0760	0.0307
Left R_3/5	1.3184	0.0546	1.3655	0.0639	1.3704	0.0756	1.3564	0.0749
Left R_4/5	1.2421	0.0493	1.2755	0.0578	1.2797	0.0592	1.2608	0.0641
Right R_2/3	0.8926	0.0193	0.8918	0.0248	0.8936	0.0227	0.8888	0.0312
Right R_2/4	0.9471	0.0266	0.9546	0.0373	0.9609	0.0434	0.9521	0.0359
Right R_2/5	1.1690	0.0445	1.2022	0.0515	1.2016	0.0580	1.2085	0.0686
Right R_3/4	1.0611	0.0213	1.0705	0.0300	1.0751	0.0280	1.0714	0.0234
Right R_3/5	1.3099	0.0506	1.3487	0.0594	1.3451	0.0652	1.3595	0.0826
Right R_4/5	1.2346	0.0443	1.2602	0.0509	1.2515	0.0591	1.2707	0.0775

指长比 (R)	Kolmogorov-Smirnov				偏差 (σ)	Kolmogorov-Smirnov		Shapiro-Wilk
指长比 (R)	统计量	P	统计量	P	偏差 (σ)	统计量	P	统计量	P
R_2/3	0.050	0.200^*	0.992	0.484	σ_2/3	0.112	0.000	0.899	0.000
R_2/4	0.046	0.200^*	0.993	0.521	σ_2/4	0.091	0.001	0.923	0.000
R_2/5	0.063	0.087	0.989	0.185	σ_2/5	0.136	0.000	0.828	0.000
R_3/4	0.052	0.200^*	0.979	0.009	σ_3/4	0.107	0.000	0.897	0.000
R_3/5	0.078	0.012	0.980	0.012	σ_3/5	0.141	0.000	0.842	0.000
R_4/5	0.056	0.200^*	0.982	0.023	σ_4/5	0.164	0.000	0.759	0.000