颅面复原技术在体质人类学中的应用

doi:10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2020.0028

人类学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (04): 706-720.doi: 10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2020.0028

颅面复原技术在体质人类学中的应用

税午阳¹, 邓擎琼¹, 吴秀杰²^,³, 纪元⁴, 李小群²^,³, 周明全¹

1.北京师范大学人工智能学院,北京 100875
2.中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京 100044
3.中国科学院生物演化与环境卓越创新中心,北京 100044
4.公安部物证鉴定中心,北京 100038

收稿日期:2019-10-25 修回日期:2019-12-22 出版日期:2021-08-15 发布日期:2021-08-16
作者简介:税午阳（1983.11-）,男,博士,主要研究方向为计算机图形学、虚拟人类学。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2017YFB1002804);中国科学院交叉创新团队(2016);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB26000000);公安部物证鉴定中心基本科研业务费(2016JB042);虚拟现实技术与系统国家重点实验室(北京航空航天大学开放课题)(VRLAB2019A02)

An overview of craniofacial reconstruction technology application in physical anthropology

SHUI Wuyang¹, DENG Qingqiong¹, WU Xiujie²^,³, JI Yuan⁴, LI Xiaoqun²^,³, ZHOU Mingquan¹

1. School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875
2. Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044
3. CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing 100044
4. Institute of Forensic Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038

Received:2019-10-25 Revised:2019-12-22 Online:2021-08-15 Published:2021-08-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

面貌是人类最重要的特征,其形态受到颅骨几何形态、面部软组织分布以及性别、年龄、身体质量指数、营养状况等多种因素的影响。考古遗址出土的古代人类遗骸,其面部软组织大多已经消失,如何根据颅面形态关系推测古人类颅骨的生前面貌已成为人类学家和考古学家关注的热点问题之一。传统手工颅面复原是由人类学家和艺术家使用雕塑技艺在颅骨上用可塑物质生成其生前面貌的技术。近年来,随着医学影像采集和计算机技术的发展,计算机颅面复原技术已经成为信息科学、体质人类学、法医人类学交叉研究的前沿技术之一。本文通过梳理和归纳相关文献的研究方法,对手工颅面复原技术、计算机颅面复原技术和颅面复原结果评价方法作简要综述,并对颅面复原技术在体质人类学中的应用进行了回顾和展望。

关键词: 颅面, 复原, 软组织, 评价

Abstract:

Facial appearances are one of the most important features of humans. Facial shapes relied heavily on the geometric shape of skulls, craniofacial morphology relationship between skulls and faces and gender, age, ethnic, body mass index (BMI), nutritional status, etc. After the humans’ skeletons are excavated from archaeological sites, facial soft-tissue tissues and muscles usually have been disappeared. It has become one of hot topics for anthropologists and arachnologists to predict the facial appearances of these unidentified skulls. Traditional craniofacial reconstruction (CFR) methods are based on manual technologies that anthropologists collaborated with artists to model a facial appearance on a skull replica with plasticine. During recent thirty years, the improvement of medical image acquisitions technologies and the progress in computer technologies have had a great impact on CFR, and computerized CFR has become one of cutting-edge technologies in the interdisciplinary study of information science, physical anthropology and forensic science. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of existing manual CFR methods, computerized CFR methods and assessment methods by summarizing the research methods of related literatures. Finally, this paper reviews the progresses of CFR application in physical anthropology and gives some suggestions for further research.

Key words: Cranioface, Reconstruction, Soft-tissue, Assessment

中图分类号:

DF795.6Q983

税午阳, 邓擎琼, 吴秀杰, 纪元, 李小群, 周明全. 颅面复原技术在体质人类学中的应用[J]. 人类学学报, 2021, 40(04): 706-720.

SHUI Wuyang, DENG Qingqiong, WU Xiujie, JI Yuan, LI Xiaoqun, ZHOU Mingquan. An overview of craniofacial reconstruction technology application in physical anthropology[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2021, 40(04): 706-720.

图/表 7

图1 手工颅面复原技术

Fig.1 Manual craniofacial reconstruction

图2 颅骨特征点的软组织厚度[22]

Fig.2 Facial soft-tissue thickness measurements of anatomical landmarks[22]

图3 面部稠密软组织厚度[42]

Fig.3 Densely calculated Facial soft-tissue thickness measurements [42]

图4 基于面部稠密软组织的颅面复原方法[42]

Fig.4 Craniofacial reconstruction method based on densely calculated facial soft-tissue thickness measurements[42]

图5 基于颅骨配准的颅面复原方法[54]

Fig.5 Craniofacial reconstruction method based on skull registration[54]

图6 基于偏最小二乘回归的分区颅面复原方法[68]

Fig.6 Regional craniofacial reconstruction method based on partial least square regression[68]

图7 颅面复原结果的几何误差

Fig.7 Geometrical deviation of craniofacial reconstruction result

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颅面复原技术在体质人类学中的应用

An overview of craniofacial reconstruction technology application in physical anthropology

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