桦甸仙人洞遗址出土的动物化石与孢粉

人类学学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (01): 52-62.

桦甸仙人洞遗址出土的动物化石与孢粉

陈全家; 赵海龙; 王法岗; 王春雪

出版日期:2013-03-15 发布日期:2013-03-15

A preliminary report of animal fossils and pollen from the Xianrendong Paleolithic site in Huadian City, Jilin Province

CHEN Quan-jia; ZHAO Hai-long; WANG Fa-gang; WANG Chun-xue

Online:2013-03-15 Published:2013-03-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 桦甸仙人洞旧石器遗址的上、下文化层出土了大量动物化石, 本文通过动物化石的分布状况、出土状态分析, 复原了上、下文化层沉积时期古人类的狩猎和处置猎物的行为, 总体来看, 远古人类生计方式以狩猎为主, 晚期古人类比早期对猎物资源开发得更彻底。另外, 从洞穴内大量碎骨片和石制品来看, 该洞穴可能为临时的营地或者屠宰场。通过对动物群组成、年代和孢粉分析的综合研究, 认为该遗址所处环境经历了剧烈的变化, 总体处于寒冷干燥的气候环境中, 植被以草原为主, 伴有少量森林。这一研究为探讨中国东北地区晚更新世人类的生存行为和演化特征提供了重要的研究材料和数据。

关键词: 桦甸仙人洞; 动物化石; 孢粉分析; 气候变化

Abstract: Exactly 1066 bone fragment pieces were recovered from the Xianrendong Paleolithic site, of which 384 were identified to skeletal element. In this paper, distribution of bone fragments, bone surface modifications and skeletal element profiles of the bone assemblage are studied in order to understand hunting behaviors of hominids in different phases. Clearly hunting was the main living strategy at this site, with later hominids making fuller use of the animals than earlier hominids. Based on the bone fragments and stone artifacts, it is assumed that this site was a temporary campsite or butchering site. Comparative analyses of bone assemblages, chronological data and palynology, over time the climate deteriorated and became colder and drier, with grassland vegetation and scattered clusters of trees or shrubs.

Key words: Xianrendong; Huadian; Animal fossil; Palynology; Climatic change

陈全家; 赵海龙; 王法岗; 王春雪. 桦甸仙人洞遗址出土的动物化石与孢粉[J]. 人类学学报, 2013, 32(01): 52-62.

CHEN Quan-jia; ZHAO Hai-long; WANG Fa-gang; WANG Chun-xue. A preliminary report of animal fossils and pollen from the Xianrendong Paleolithic site in Huadian City, Jilin Province[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2013, 32(01): 52-62.