狩猎采集觅食模式及其在旧石器时代考古学中的应用

人类学学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (02): 156-168.

狩猎采集觅食模式及其在旧石器时代考古学中的应用

仪明洁; 高星; Robert BETTINGER

出版日期:2013-06-15 发布日期:2013-06-15

Hunter-gatherer foraging models: review and prospect in Paleolithic archaeology

YI Ming-jie; GAO Xing; Robert BETTINGER

Online:2013-06-15 Published:2013-06-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 狩猎采集觅食模式是1970年代以来在西方考古学中发展起来的理论分析方法, 通过借助民族学资料及模拟研究, 结合考古学、古环境学、古生态学的研究数据, 对石器加工技术、人类行为、社会组织结构等进行模拟与重现。本文对西方考古学对狩猎采集觅食模式的应用史加以回顾, 简要介绍其基本模式, 对狩猎采集觅食模式在中国旧石器时代考古学运用前景进行简单展望。

关键词: 旧石器时代; 狩猎采集者; 觅食模式; 行为模式

Abstract: During more than 99% of human evolutionary history, human beings had uniquely foraged wild food and totally depended upon resources growing in nature. A tremendous body of new research in the ecology, biology, and society of the past plus work on recent hunter- gatherers has been published since 1970s, all of which help archaeologists to observe past processes of human behavior. Incorporated with data of ethnographic hunter-gatherers, hunter- gatherer foraging models are helpful to interpret human behaviors of lithic tool production, social organization, etc. The meaning of this paper lies in a summary and history of foraging models used in archaeology. This paper presents a theoretical prediction and explanation of ancient human behavior in Chinese Paleolithic archaeology.

Key words: Paleolithic archaeology; Hunter-gatherers; Foraging model; Human behavior

仪明洁; 高星; Robert BETTINGER. 狩猎采集觅食模式及其在旧石器时代考古学中的应用[J]. 人类学学报, 2013, 32(02): 156-168.

YI Ming-jie; GAO Xing; Robert BETTINGER. Hunter-gatherer foraging models: review and prospect in Paleolithic archaeology[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2013, 32(02): 156-168.