关键词: 百色盆地;大梅遗址第一地点;石制品;旧石器时代晚期

Abstract: Since 1973, about 15 of over 120 Paleolithic sites or localities have been excavated in Bose (Baise) basin, Guangxi, South China. Nearly all of them are located on the high terrace (terrace 4) in the Youjiang River valley. In 2005, a rescue excavation of the Damei site was conducted due to construction within the capital city. This site, covering 0.5km2, includes three localities with the Locality 1 on terrace 2, the Locality 2 on terrace 3 and the Locality 3 on terrace 4. The excavated area is 4000 m2. the In Locality 2, a large stone workshop and traces of fire place were discovered, and more than 10000 stone artifacts were unearthed. In the Locality 3, a large quantity of stone artifacts was also excavated. Here we report on the excavation of the Locality 1 on terrace 2. In the Locality 1, there are 1100 m2 exposed，and 314 stone artifacts were unearthed, including stone hammers, cores, flakes and retouched tools. Raw materials for tool making are cobbles, mainly of quartzite. Direct percussion is the main method for detaching flakes and retouching tools. Most tools were made on cobbles and flaked unifacially. Types include choppers, scrapers, picks and rare points, with scrapers predominating. Technologically and typologically, the stone artifacts from Locality 1 are similar to those of those broadly distributed on terrace 4 in the basin. However, the assemblage in Locality 1 lacks handaxes and cleavers and belongs to the typical pebble tool tradition in Southern China. Comparison of the stone artifacts shows that the under culture layer stone artifacts are larger；stone artifact abrasion is more pronounced; and the number of choppers is significantly increased. There may be two different cultural periods present. Based on stratigraphical comparison, geomorphological observation, and lithic assemblage analysis, the age of Locality 1 is estimated to the Upper Paleolithic.

Key words: Bose Basin；Damei site; stone artifacts; Upper Paleolithic age