学龄双生子儿童身体围度与宽度指标的遗传学分析

人类学学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (03): 395-404.

学龄双生子儿童身体围度与宽度指标的遗传学分析

王燕;李玉玲;刘燕;弓剑

出版日期:2017-09-15 发布日期:2017-09-15

Genetic analysis of body circumference and breadth in school-age twins

WANG Yan, LI Yuling, LIU Yan, GONG Jian

Online:2017-09-15 Published:2017-09-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨遗传和环境因素对学龄双生子儿童身体围度及宽度等体格指标的影响,对351对6~12岁双生子儿童身高、胸围、腰围、臀围、肩宽、骨盆宽指标进行测量,计算各指标的相关指数。应用Mx软件拟合最佳结构方程模型计算各指标遗传度,分析年龄与性别的作用。结果发现,各指标拟合的最佳模型均为ACES,各测量指标的年龄方差较大(0.21~0.76),衍生指数中除腰臀比(女0.15,男0.05)外几乎均不存在年龄方差;各指标的共同环境方差变异较大(0.00~0.53);衍生指数的特殊环境因素方差(0.09~0.25)总体上高于测量指标(0.01~0.09)。校正年龄后,各指标遗传度为身高(女63%,男59%)、胸围(女84%,男88%)、身高胸围指数(女87%,男55%)、腰围(女46%,男64%)、臀围(女61%,男61%)、腰臀比(女44%,男44%)、肩宽(女78%,男78%)、骨盆宽(女62%,男62%)、身高肩宽指数(女40%,男40%)、身高骨盆宽指数(女35%,男48%)、肩宽骨盆宽指数(女24%,男24%)。结果表明学龄双生子儿童身高、胸围、身高胸围指数、臀围、肩宽、骨盆宽主要受遗传因素影响;腰臀比、身高肩宽指数、身高骨盆宽指数及肩宽骨盆宽指数受环境因素影响更大;遗传与环境因素对身高胸围指数、腰围指标的影响可能存在一定性别差异;年龄对学龄双生子儿童身体围度及宽度相关指数的影响较小。

关键词: 学龄儿童;双生子;围度发育;宽度发育

Abstract: To analyze the genetic and environmental factors influences on the development of body ircumference and breadth in school-age twins, six body measurements including stature, chest circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, shoulder breadth and crista breadth were measured and the related indices were calculated in 351 twin pairs aged from 6 to 12 years old. Mx software was used to fit the best structural equation model to calculate the heritability of each index and analyze the effect of age and gender. The results indicated that the best fitting model of each index was ACES. The age variance (S) of each body measurement (0.21~0.76) was obviously higher than that of derivative indices except for the waist-hip ratio (female 0.15, male 0.05). The common environmental variance (C) of each index (0.00~0.53) varied largely. The special environmental variance (E) of derivative indices (0.09~0.25) was generally higher than that of body measurements (0.01~0.09). After adjusting age, the heritability of each index was as follows: Stature (female 63%, male 59%), chest circumference (female 84%, male 88%), stature-chest circumference index (female 87%, male 55%), waist circumference (female 46%, male 64%), hip circumference (female 61%, male 61%), waist-hip ratio (female 44%, male 44%), shoulder breadth (female 78%, male 78%), crista iliaca breadth (female 62%, male 62%), statureshoulder breadth index (female 40%, male 40%), stature-crista iliaca index (female 35%, male 48%) and acromio-cristal index (female 24%, male 24%). The above-mentioned results showed that the stature, waist circumference, stature-chest circumference index, hip circumference, shoulder breadth and crista iliaca breadth of school-age children were mainly influenced by the genetic factors, while the other indexes were mainly impacted by the environmental factors. Meanwhile, there were gender differences in genetic effect to some extent for stature-chest circumference index and waist circumference, and the age effect on the related indices of body circumference and breadth was not obvious in this study.

Key words: School-age children; Twins; Circumference development; Breadth development

王燕;李玉玲;刘燕;弓剑. 学龄双生子儿童身体围度与宽度指标的遗传学分析[J]. 人类学学报, 2017, 36(03): 395-404.

WANG Yan, LI Yuling, LIU Yan, GONG Jian. Genetic analysis of body circumference and breadth in school-age twins[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2017, 36(03): 395-404.