韩国旧石器时代晚期石叶工业的年代与特征

doi:10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2019.0037

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文介绍了韩国石叶组合的区域特征,并在近期研究的基础上对人类向朝鲜半岛的迁移进行了概述。除了西伯利亚的阿尔泰地区等及华北的水洞沟外,石叶组合在东亚地区的旧石器遗址中十分罕见。1990年底,韩国密阳市的Koreri遗址发现了一个典型的石叶石器工业遗存。在过去的十年间,韩国还发现了数个重要的遗址。朝鲜半岛的砾石石器工业一直持续到旧石器时代晚期的较早阶段,而在大约40kaBP,朝鲜半岛出现了石叶组合。在这些典型的石叶地点中,未发现大多数种类的重型工具。这些特征表明,朝鲜半岛的石叶工业可能是人类迁移的结果。目前还没有证据表明韩国的石叶工具工业在25~10 kaBP被细石叶工业取代,相反,这两种文化可能是由移居朝鲜半岛的不同人群产生的,在细石叶的使用用群体迅速扩散到整个朝鲜半岛时,石叶工业仍然延续,在25~15 kaBP的时间里与细石叶工业并存。

关键词: 石叶, 更新世晚期, 年代学, 特征, 韩国

Abstract:

This article describes the regional characteristics of blade tool assemblages in Korea and presents a general overview of human migrations into the Korean Peninsula based on recent research. Paleolithic sites with blade tool assemblages are rare in East Asia except for the Altai and other regions of Siberia, and Shuidonggou in North China. At the end of 1990, the remains of a typical blade tool industry were found at the Koreri site, Milyang City. For the last ten years, several important sites have been found in South Korea. Around 40 kaBP, blade tool assemblages appeared in the Korean Peninsula while the pebble tool tradition still existed in the early Upper Paleolithic. Most heavy-weight tools disappeared at typical blade tool sites. These consistent characteristics demonstrate that the blade tool industry was probably the result of migration. There is no evidence that a microblade industry(25~10 kaBP) replaced the blade tool industry in Korea. Rather, these two cultures were probably produced by different populations who migrated into the Korean peninsula. When groups using microblades rapidly spread throughout the entire Korean peninsula, the blade tool industry still coexisted from ca. 25 to 15 kaBP.

Key words: Blade, Upper Palaeolithic, Chronology, Characteristics, Korea

中图分类号:

K871.11

LEE Heonjong, LEE Sangseok. 韩国旧石器时代晚期石叶工业的年代与特征[J]. 人类学学报, 2019, 38(03): 373-388.

LEE Heonjong, LEE Sangseok. Chronology and characteristics of the Upper Palaeolithic blade tool industry in Korea[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2019, 38(03): 373-388.

图/表 10

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Site	Layer	Dates	Reference
Kumgul	second geological layer	-	Sohn BK 1984, 1985
Koreri site	lower Cultural layer upper Cultural layer	AT(Aira-Tanzawa) Volcanic	Seo ei al, 1999 Jang 2001a, 2001b
Jungnaeri site	4^th Cultural layer	-	Lee GK et al, 2000
Chongok site	Cultural Layer	-	Lee 2004; Lee et al, 2004
Jeongjangri site	2^nd Cultural layer (sector 1) 2^nd Cultural layer (sector 2)	28700±500(AMS) 25700±150(AMS) 29790±300(AMS) 28600±300(AMS)	Center of history &Culture, Gyeongnam Development Institute, 2004
Jingeunul site	2^ndCultural layer	22850±350(¹⁴C)	Lee 2004
Hwadaeri site	1^st Cultural layer	33190±160(AMS)	Choi et al, 2005
Hopteongdong site	1^st Cultural layer (sector 1 D23)	33200±1900(AMS)	Hong et al, 2008
Yongsandong site	3^rd Cultural layer	24430±870(¹⁴C)	The Paleolithic Site at Yongsandong of Daejeon, 2007
Ojiri site	Cultural layer	-	Lee2007; Lee et al, 2008
Galsanri site	1^st Cultural layer	30600±260(AMS)	Honam Cultural Property Research Center, 2014
Songamri Waesil site	1^st Cultural layer	32300±160(AMS) 33190±160(AMS)	Institute of Korean Prehistory, 2014
Suyanggae Loc 6	3^rd Cultural layer	39930, 38180. P. (IAA) 39689(CAL)	Lee et al, 2014

Site	Layer	Dates	Reference
Kumgul	second geological layer	-	Sohn BK 1984, 1985
Koreri site	lower Cultural layer upper Cultural layer	AT(Aira-Tanzawa) Volcanic	Seo ei al, 1999 Jang 2001a, 2001b
Jungnaeri site	4^th Cultural layer	-	Lee GK et al, 2000
Chongok site	Cultural Layer	-	Lee 2004; Lee et al, 2004
Jeongjangri site	2^nd Cultural layer (sector 1) 2^nd Cultural layer (sector 2)	28700±500(AMS) 25700±150(AMS) 29790±300(AMS) 28600±300(AMS)	Center of history &Culture, Gyeongnam Development Institute, 2004
Jingeunul site	2^ndCultural layer	22850±350(¹⁴C)	Lee 2004
Hwadaeri site	1^st Cultural layer	33190±160(AMS)	Choi et al, 2005
Hopteongdong site	1^st Cultural layer (sector 1 D23)	33200±1900(AMS)	Hong et al, 2008
Yongsandong site	3^rd Cultural layer	24430±870(¹⁴C)	The Paleolithic Site at Yongsandong of Daejeon, 2007
Ojiri site	Cultural layer	-	Lee2007; Lee et al, 2008
Galsanri site	1^st Cultural layer	30600±260(AMS)	Honam Cultural Property Research Center, 2014
Songamri Waesil site	1^st Cultural layer	32300±160(AMS) 33190±160(AMS)	Institute of Korean Prehistory, 2014
Suyanggae Loc 6	3^rd Cultural layer	39930, 38180. P. (IAA) 39689(CAL)	Lee et al, 2014