人类学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (01): 87-97.doi: 10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2022.0045

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

东周一例人体肱骨发育不对称的病理分析

周亚威(), 王惠, 丁思聪, 陈博()   

  1. 郑州大学历史学院,河南,郑州 450001
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-09 修回日期:2021-12-23 出版日期:2023-02-15 发布日期:2023-02-20
  • 通讯作者: 陈博,副教授,主要从事考古学方面的研究。E-mail: chenbozzu@qq.com
  • 作者简介:周亚威,教授,主要从事体质人类学研究。E-mail: zhouyawei469@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重大项目(19ZDA227);国家重点研发计划课题(2020YFC1521607);河南省高校哲学社会科学创新人才支持计划(2023-CXRC-17);郑州市重大横向项目(2018-ZDSKHX-024);郑州大学中华文明根系研究(XKZDJC202006)

Pathological analysis of a case of human humeral asymmetry in Eastern Zhou Dynasty

ZHOU Yawei(), WANG Hui, DING Sicong, CHEN Bo()   

  1. School of History, Zhengzhou University, Henan Zhengzhou 450001
  • Received:2021-07-09 Revised:2021-12-23 Online:2023-02-15 Published:2023-02-20

摘要:

本文对东周时期一例肱骨发育不全的个体M45进行古病理学研究。经鉴定,M45为年龄在30岁左右的女性,其右侧肱骨短于左侧,肱骨头解剖颈上移且正面向上,小结节向前下方位移;三角肌粗隆处、解剖颈下方有骨质缺损现象;右侧骨髓腔相较于左侧略宽,右侧三角肌粗隆处骨松质较左侧明显,呈蜂窝状。通过肉眼观察、X射线影像和病理筛选等方法对其进行诊断,推测M45个体可能是分娩创伤导致肱骨近端生长点受损,或在儿童期生长板遭受创伤导致肱骨生长发育停滞。

关键词: 东周, 发育, 肱骨, 病理

Abstract:

This study made an pathological analysis of an archaeological case example of human unilateral humeral hypoplasia from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty(770-221 BC) Guanzhuang site, located in Xingyang City, Henan Province, central China. Individual M45, a female (according to the morphology of the os coxa and skull, and long bones) aged approximately 30 years old at her time-of-death, presents severe abnormal morphological changes on the right humerus. From a macro perspective, abnormal shortening, flatter humeral head, higher anatomical neck, and lesser tubercle displaced anterior-distally were observed on the right humerus. Radiographic analysis showed that wider bone marrow cavity diameter and slight osteoporosis in the region of the deltoid tuberosity, and the cancellous bone at the trochanter of the right deltoid is more pronounced than on the left one, showing a honeycomb shape. In addition, bone defect was found at the region of the deltoid tuberosity and also below the anatomical neck. The asymmetric development of upper limb bones, including the humerus, is generally attributed to physiological or pathological induced bone remodeling. Physiological causes include genetic and behavioral factors. The asymmetry caused by physiological genetic factors does not affect the normal development of bone, and the degree of asymmetry is relatively low, in the range of 1% or less. Behavioral factors are mainly related to activities and bone loading patterns, including occupation, habitual activities, etc. The difference between two humerus caused by behavioral factors is reflected in the difference of the cross-section and the strength of the two humerus, most of which are transverse differences. Differential diagnosis was made in this study, including metabolic diseases, endocrine diseases, focal fibrocartilage hypoplasia, metaphyseal cartilage hypoplasia, Kashin Beck disease, osteogenesis imperfecta, humeral shortening and cartilage hypoplasia. According to the analysis, it is more likely that the humeral asymmetry found in M45 has affected the proximal growth centre of the right humerus, possibly linked to childbirth trauma, or the cessation of humeral growth and development caused by trauma to the growth plate in early childhood.

Key words: Eastern Zhou, humerus, development, pathology

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