人类学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (03): 448-457.doi: 10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2023.0066

• 简报/发掘报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

2022年云南宾川盆地旧石器遗址调查报告

肖培源1,2(), 阮齐军3,4(), 高玉4, 贾真秀4, 张明5, 杨李靖5, 刘建辉3, 李三灵6, 李浩4   

  1. 1.中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点研究室,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京 100044
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    3.云南省文物考古研究所,昆明 650118
    4.中国科学院青藏高原研究所,青藏高原地球系统与资源环境全国重点实验室,北京 100101
    5.云南省大理州宾川县文物管理所, 宾川 671600
    6.河南大学历史文化学院,开封 475001
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-06 修回日期:2023-08-21 出版日期:2024-06-15 发布日期:2024-06-04
  • 通讯作者: 阮齐军,副研究馆员,主要从事旧石器时代考古研究。E-mail:ruanqijun000@163.com
  • 作者简介:肖培源,硕士研究生,主要从事旧石器时代考古研究。E-mail:xiaopeiyuan@ivpp.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    青藏高原地球系统与资源环境全国重点实验室开放课题(TPESER202210);长江流域文物资源调查(云南境)古人类与旧石器考古专项调查;中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB26000000)

2022 survey report of Paleolithic sites in the Binchuan Basin in Yunnan

XIAO Peiyuan1,2(), RUAN Qijun3,4(), GAO Yu4, JIA Zhenxiu4, ZHANG Ming5, YANG Lijing5, LIU Jianhui3, LI Sanling6, LI Hao4   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
    3. Yunnan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Kunming 650118
    4. State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
    5. Binchuan County Cultural Relics Management Office, Binchuan 671600
    6. School of History and Culture, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001
  • Received:2023-06-06 Revised:2023-08-21 Online:2024-06-15 Published:2024-06-04

摘要:

2022年9-10月,云南省大理州宾川县旧石器考古调查共发现旧石器遗址33处,采集石制品417件。遗址主要分布于桑园河和炼洞河三级和四级阶地前缘。石制品类型包括石核、石片、石器和断块等,原料以石英正长斑岩为主。更新刃缘石片是石片中的一种特殊类型。石器组合中,以刃缘具有层叠状修疤且刃角较陡的基纳型刮削器为特色,其修理特征与欧洲旧石器时代中期和西亚旧石器时代早期的基纳修理技术相似。本次调查虽未发现石制品的原生地层,但通过与周边已测年的天华洞遗址的石器技术进行比较,初步判断宾川盆地调查发现的旧石器遗址的地质年代可能为晚更新世早中期,确切年代有待今后进一步开展考古发掘和测年工作。宾川盆地发现的具有基纳修理技术的石制品,对于认识该类遗存在中国境内的出现和发展模式,以及中国旧石器时代中期石器技术的多样性和复杂性等问题具有重要意义。

关键词: 宾川盆地, 旧石器时代中期, 基纳修理技术, 基纳型刮削器, 更新刃缘石片

Abstract:

From September to October 2022, a Paleolithic survey was carried out in the Binchuan County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province. In total, 33 Paleolithic sites have been discovered during the survey, along with 417 stone artifacts being collected. All sites are located at front edges of the third terraces of Sangyuan River and Liandong River. The types of stone artifacts include flakes, cores, tools and chunks, quartz syenite porphyry was the primary raw material exploited. Resharpening flakes have been identified as a special type in flakes. Scrapers with steep angles and multi-layered scars on the edge are unique, indicating similar retouching features with Quina technology in the European Middle Paleolithic stage. Although the original stratigraphic context for stone artifacts studied in this paper was missing, based on the geomorphological, stratigraphic and technological comparisons with the nearby dated sites of Tianhuadong Cave and Longtan in Heqing County, we suggest that the age of Paleolithic sites found in the Binchuan Basin can be placed into early and middle Late Pleistocene, and the cultural stage belongs to the Middle Paleolithic. The finding of Quina-type stone artifacts in the Binchuan Basin shed important lights for understanding the emergence, development and distributional patterns of such a technology in China. And furthermore, it is significant to refresh our knowledge of the diversity and complexity of lithic technologies in the Chinese Middle Paleolithic.

Key words: Binchuan Basin, Middle Paleolithic, Quina retouch, Quina-type scrapers, Resharpening flakes

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