关键词: 活体观察; 活体测量; 山东; 寿光; 汉族; 体质

Abstract: Eighty-six physical characteristics of 306 urban adults(156 males and 150 females) and 472 rural adults(272 males and 200 females) of Han peoples from Shouguang County, Shandong Province were investigated. Fifty physical indices were calculated and their distributions analyzed.
The resultss of this work were are as follows: (1) The eyefold percentages of eyefold of the upper eyelid for the groups was: are urban males(64.1%), urban females(72.0%), rural males(79.0%) and rural females(76.5%).The percentages of Mmongoloid fold are were urban males(40.4%), urban females(60.0%), rural males(21.0%) and rural females(34.0%). In terms of eye slit direction, external angles are were mostly higher greater compared to than internal angles in direction of eyeslits. The nasal root height wais a low-type, with. The nasal profile beingis straight. The nasal base wasis upturned. The maximumal diameter of the nostrils wais oblique. The breadth of alae nasi is was of wide-type. The upper lip skin height is was of middle-type. Thickness of, and lip thickness was are mainly thin lips. Hair color wais black and eye color wais brown. Urban adults and rural females hadare yellow skin color, while rural males wereare dark yellow. (2) The typical physical characteristics of Han of Shouguang County are was hypsicephalic type, mesorrhiny, long trunk and medium shoulder breadth. In addition, urban adults are were sub-brachyskelic type and with a broad chest circumference. Rural adults are were mesocephaly(lLength-breadth index of head), acrocephalic type, leptoprosopy and with a medium distance between iliac crests. (3) The typical physical characteristics of the Han of Shouguang County are were considered high in-sized stature.The width and height of the body, head and face of urban males are was higher than that of rural males. The circumference of the lower limbs, trunk and neck of rural males are was lower than that of urban males.The width of the pelvisc, hand and foot of urban females are was smaller than that of rural females,while the width and height of the head and face and the height of the body of urban females are was higher than that of rural females.(4) The results of a cluster analysis show that the physical characteristics of the Han peoples in Shouguang County are close to the Mongol, Hui and other ethnic groups found in northern China.

Key words: Somatoscopy; Anthropometry; Shandong; Shouguang; Han; Constitution