古DNA证据支持曹操的父系遗传类型属于单倍群O2

人类学学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (04): 617-625.

古DNA证据支持曹操的父系遗传类型属于单倍群O2

文少卿;王传超;敖雪;韦兰海;佟欣竹;王凌翔;王占峰;韩昇;李辉

出版日期:2016-12-15 发布日期:2016-12-15

Ancient DNA supports Emperor Cao’s paternal genetic lineage belonging to haplogroup O2

WEN Shaoqing, WANG Chuanchao, AO Xue, WEI Lanhai, TONG Xinzhu, WANG Lingxiang, WANG ZhanFeng, HAN Sheng, LI Hui

Online:2016-12-15 Published:2016-12-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 人类Y染色体是研究父系血缘的最佳材料。得益于近年来二代测序技术的发展,以及本实验室在东亚范围内大规模的遗传调查,我们获得了大量具有区分力的Y染色体新遗传标记,并构建了约20万份含有Y-STR和Y-SNP信息的遗传数据库,从而可以根据Y-STR单倍型推断出需要测试的样本的单倍群归属。因此,我们可以有针对性地选择较少的SNP组成"微检版"(mini-panel)去确定样本的真实遗传类型。本次对元宝坑一号墓曹操叔祖父曹鼎古DNA实验,证明曹操及其后人的遗传类型属于O2-M268+,F1462+,PK4-,弥补了之前通过现代人家系推测曹操遗传类型和Y-STR推测Y-SNP的缺陷。这一技术改进将使历史人类学的研究工具更加完善和有效。

关键词: 曹操;古DNA;Y染色体;SNaPshot;父系遗传谱系

Abstract: With recent advances in next generation sequencing technologies and significant genetic investigations carried out by our team in East Asia for years, we have identified thousands of new informative markers and constructed a genetic database of about 200,000 individuals containing Y-STR and Y-SNP information. From this detail we can predict the haplogroups samples belong to by using Y-STR haplotypes. So, we can select fewer SNPs to form a minipanel so as to determine the actual genetic lineage of the subject. Here, we tested the ancient DNA of Emperor CAO Cao’s grand uncle (CAO Ding) buried in Yuanbaokeng I, compensating the shortcoming of the genetic lineage of CAO Cao inferred by those of his present descendants and the Y chromosomal haplogroups inferred by Y-STR haplotypes in previous research. The results showed that the paternal genetic lineage of CAO Cao and their descendants is O2-M268+, F1462+, PK4-.

Key words: Cao Cao; Ancient DNA; Y chromosome; SNaPshot; Paternal genetic lineage

文少卿;王传超;敖雪;韦兰海;佟欣竹;王凌翔;王占峰;韩昇;李辉. 古DNA证据支持曹操的父系遗传类型属于单倍群O2[J]. 人类学学报, 2016, 35(04): 617-625.

WEN Shaoqing, WANG Chuanchao, AO Xue, WEI Lanhai, TONG Xinzhu, WANG Lingxiang, WANG ZhanFeng, HAN Sheng, LI Hui. Ancient DNA supports Emperor Cao’s paternal genetic lineage belonging to haplogroup O2[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2016, 35(04): 617-625.