内蒙古魏家窝铺遗址陶器内淀粉粒反映的古人类食谱及相关问题

人类学学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (03): 405-413.

内蒙古魏家窝铺遗址陶器内淀粉粒反映的古人类食谱及相关问题

王春雪;成璟瑭;曹建恩;塔拉;熊增珑;关莹

出版日期:2017-09-15 发布日期:2017-09-15

Diet and related issues revealed by starch grain analysis on pottery unearthed from the Weijiawopu site, Inner Mongolia

WANG Chunxue, CHENG Jingtang , CAO Jianen, TA La, XIONG Zenglong , GUAN Ying

Online:2017-09-15 Published:2017-09-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 魏家窝铺遗址位于内蒙古赤峰市红山区文钟镇魏家窝铺村,是一处大型的红山文化中期环壕聚落遗址。在2009-2011年发掘出土的陶器中,许多平底器类标本内壁表面都发现有细腻的黑色灰烬,我们对这些灰烬和几件不含灰烬的陶器标本进行了植物残留物提取和鉴定,从六份样品中观测到了植物淀粉粒,这些淀粉粒可根据形态分为四种类型,分别代表了禾本科、植物地下储藏器官、疑似坚果的植物种类和未知种类。大量的禾本科淀粉粒在形态上与粟类(小米)淀粉粒极为相似,加之遗址中出土的大量炭化粟,我们推测,这些陶罐中的黑色灰烬为内部盛装的粟炭化分解所致,这些陶器正是红山文化中的食物储藏器。存在的其他类型淀粉粒表明,尽管魏家窝铺遗址出土的植物遗存已显示了较为确凿的农业经济,但采集经济也仍占有重要地位。

关键词: 内蒙古;魏家窝铺;红山文化;粟;淀粉粒

Abstract: The Weijiawopu site is located in Weijiawopu village in the city of Chifeng, Inner Mongolia. This site is a Ring Trench Settlement, which belongs to the Middle period of Hongshan Neolithic Culture. During the 2009-2011 excavation, many pottery flat-bottom tanks were unearthed with dark ash inside, which was collected for the plant residue analysis. Tanks without dark ash were also examined for the surface residues. From six specimens, starch grains were found after the laboratory processing. These starch grains could be classified into four groups, and identified to be from millet, plant underground storage organ, possibly nut and unidentifiable species. The tanks are thus speculated to be utensils for food stuff, for storage or transportation. The existence of plant underground storage organ indicates that the Weijiawopu occupants still gathered wild plants during the occupation time when they already domest icated crops.

Key words: Inner Mongolia; Weijiawopu site; Hongshan Culture; Millet; Starch grain

王春雪;成璟瑭;曹建恩;塔拉;熊增珑;关莹. 内蒙古魏家窝铺遗址陶器内淀粉粒反映的古人类食谱及相关问题[J]. 人类学学报, 2017, 36(03): 405-413.

WANG Chunxue, CHENG Jingtang , CAO Jianen, TA La, XIONG Zenglong , GUAN Ying. Diet and related issues revealed by starch grain analysis on pottery unearthed from the Weijiawopu site, Inner Mongolia[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2017, 36(03): 405-413.