体质测量在超重和肥胖研究中的应用

doi:10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2020.0042

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文通过查阅文献,对体质测量在评估超重、肥胖和预测健康风险中的应用进行了回顾性调查、总结和分析,并对体质量指数、体脂肪指数和内脏脂肪指数等测量指标的优势和局限性进行了分析和讨论。由于预测结果受多种因素的影响,因而预测评价时应根据不同地域的不同的研究对象和不同的预测风险,选用不同的测量指标和不同的测量工具。为同行们今后应用提供参考,对防治与肥胖相关疾病具有重要意义。

关键词: 肥胖, 人体测量, 健康, 体质量指数, 体脂肪指数

Abstract:

By reviewing the literatures, the paper summarized the anthropometry application in assessment of overweight/obesity and the prediction of health risk, analyzed and reviewed the advantages and limitations of the body mass index(BMI), body adiposity index(BAI) and visceral adiposity index(VAI), and the like. It is suggested that the different indexes should be chosen with different objects of study and different risk targets predicted. It is important to provide related reference for colleagues and the prevention and treatment of obesity-related diseases in the future.

Key words: Obesity, Anthropometry, Health, BMI, BAI

中图分类号:

Q983

席焕久, 李文慧, 刘莹莹. 体质测量在超重和肥胖研究中的应用[J]. 人类学学报, 2021, 40(02): 328-345.

XI Huanjiu, LI Wenhui, LIU Yingying. Application of anthropometry in study of overweight and obesity[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2021, 40(02): 328-345.

图/表 7

参考文献 103

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时间/Time	国家或地区/Country or Area	年龄/Years	超重/Overweigh	肥胖/Obesity
2013	全球/All the World	18+	n=12.5亿	n=6.5亿
		<5	n>4100万	n>4100万
		5-19	n>340万	n>340万
2000-2016	非洲/Africa	<5	增近50%
2000-2016	亚洲/Asia	?	近1/2	近1/2
1975-2016	全球/All the World	5-19	4%-18%
2017	中国大陆/Mainland China	?	Male 10.8%; Female 14.8%
2017	中国大陆/Mainland China	20<	Male 23%; Female 14%	Male 23%; Female 14%

时间/Time	国家或地区/Country or Area	年龄/Years	超重/Overweigh	肥胖/Obesity
2013	全球/All the World	18+	n=12.5亿	n=6.5亿
		<5	n>4100万	n>4100万
		5-19	n>340万	n>340万
2000-2016	非洲/Africa	<5	增近50%
2000-2016	亚洲/Asia	?	近1/2	近1/2
1975-2016	全球/All the World	5-19	4%-18%
2017	中国大陆/Mainland China	?	Male 10.8%; Female 14.8%
2017	中国大陆/Mainland China	20<	Male 23%; Female 14%	Male 23%; Female 14%

作者/Author	样本男/Male	样本女/ Female	年龄/Years	测定方法一致性偏差/Deviation	主要发现/Evaluation
Robinson et al	22	26	30-50	BAP 女5.0% 男6.0%	低估了体脂率
Thirel et al	58	61	12-16	3.4%	过高估体脂率
Bergman et al	1733		20-50	DXA-BAI 相关r=0.95	适当、准确
Segheto et al	331	395	20-59	BAP女5.0%, 男5.4%	高估体脂率
Carpio-Rivera	106	93	18.9±26	BAP女7.2%, 男2.9%	女低估, 男高估
Cerqueira et al	-	102	60.3±9.8	3.2%	高估
Esco et al	-	30(女运动员)	20.0±1.3	5.8%	高估
Chang et al	483	471	55-96	5.1%	高估
Lemacks et al	-	187（绝经后超重/肥胖）	55.8±3.3	相关系数r=0.39	高估,与DXA一致性差
Vinknes et al	5193		47-72	—	低体脂率者高估（男）,高估超重、肥胖体脂率
Robinson et al	903		21.4±3.3	BAP男9.5%,女3.2%,总6.4%	总BAI过高估,对超重者高估,肥胖者低估（男女）
Geliebter et al	-	19 （超重、肥胖术前无糖尿病）	32.6±7.7	BAP 2.2%	低估
Bernhard et al	240（超重肥胖）		44.1±11.1	组内相关0.74, 95%可信间隔0.68-0.79	二法相近
Ezeukwu et al	-	30（肥胖）	22.8±3.3	BAP 15.0%	低估
David et al	1151		18-110	体脂率男偏高3.9%,女偏低2.5%	男高估,女低估

作者/Author	样本男/Male	样本女/ Female	年龄/Years	测定方法一致性偏差/Deviation	主要发现/Evaluation
Robinson et al	22	26	30-50	BAP 女5.0% 男6.0%	低估了体脂率
Thirel et al	58	61	12-16	3.4%	过高估体脂率
Bergman et al	1733		20-50	DXA-BAI 相关r=0.95	适当、准确
Segheto et al	331	395	20-59	BAP女5.0%, 男5.4%	高估体脂率
Carpio-Rivera	106	93	18.9±26	BAP女7.2%, 男2.9%	女低估, 男高估
Cerqueira et al	-	102	60.3±9.8	3.2%	高估
Esco et al	-	30(女运动员)	20.0±1.3	5.8%	高估
Chang et al	483	471	55-96	5.1%	高估
Lemacks et al	-	187（绝经后超重/肥胖）	55.8±3.3	相关系数r=0.39	高估,与DXA一致性差
Vinknes et al	5193		47-72	—	低体脂率者高估（男）,高估超重、肥胖体脂率
Robinson et al	903		21.4±3.3	BAP男9.5%,女3.2%,总6.4%	总BAI过高估,对超重者高估,肥胖者低估（男女）
Geliebter et al	-	19 （超重、肥胖术前无糖尿病）	32.6±7.7	BAP 2.2%	低估
Bernhard et al	240（超重肥胖）		44.1±11.1	组内相关0.74, 95%可信间隔0.68-0.79	二法相近
Ezeukwu et al	-	30（肥胖）	22.8±3.3	BAP 15.0%	低估
David et al	1151		18-110	体脂率男偏高3.9%,女偏低2.5%	男高估,女低估

文献/Reference	相关系数/r	说明/Note
Moliner-Urdiales et al⁽³⁹⁾	0.78	8050/2259*追踪个体
Angel et al⁽⁸⁾	0.64	地中海白人
Lemacks et al⁽⁵⁴⁾	0.90	美绝经后白人
Allan et al⁽⁵²⁾	0.90	临床重度肥胖妇女
Robinson et al^[55]	0.885	- -
Regi et al ⁽³⁾	0.698	- -
Seghetow et al⁽⁵¹⁾	0.86	评价DS