关键词: 近代人类演化, 生物考古学, 古病理学, 数据发掘, 公众卫生政策

Abstract:

The Global History of Health Project(GHHP), started by Richard Steckel and colleagues, is a platform to systematically document a series of selected health and disease parameters of human skeletal remains of recent millennia in the context of environmental and socioeconomic changes. This unique project provides an unprecedented look of recent human history to gauge the quality of life and human adaptability in challenging living conditions. Inspired by the GHHP saga staged in the Americas and Europe, we have initiated the GHHP- Asia Module in 2018 to extend this project to Asia, an important theater for the rise of many first civilizations. Human burials have been found throughout the Asian continent from the Neolithic Age to Bronze and Iron Ages and onwards. Most importantly, the majority of burials are associated with archaeological evidence of environmental settings and socioeconomic modes. The project will unlock rich yet mostly untapped information from large skeletal collections in China, Mongolia, Japan, South Korea, East Russia, India, and Southeast Asia and beyond, and establish a contexualized database recording the history of human pathology, focusing on oral pathology and joint diseases, in Asia during the past 10,000 years. The inclusion of the Asia story in GHHP will not only enrich the first hand skeletal and oral health status over generations in recent human history in an evolutionary sense, but also expand existing databases for global and local health agency authorities on policy making for contemporary populations with different economic-social status, ranging from pre-agriculture to modernization.

Key words: Recent human evolution, Bioarcheology, Paleopathology, Data mining, Public health policy