人类学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (02): 249-260.doi: 10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2019.0058

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

殷墟玉器孔道内部微痕分类辨析

杨露雅1,2(), 朱剑2(), 岳超龙3, 唐际根4   

  1. 1.中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京 100044
    2.中国科学院大学人文学院考古学与人类学系,北京 100049
    3.中国社会科学院考古研究所,北京 100710
    4.南方科技大学人文社会科学学院,深圳518000
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-28 修回日期:2019-03-26 出版日期:2021-04-15 发布日期:2021-04-13
  • 通讯作者: 朱剑
  • 作者简介:杨露雅(1993-),女,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所硕士研究生,研究方向为玉器微痕分析。Email: yanglouya16@mails.ucas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(U1432243);教育部人文社会科学研究项目(19YJAZH130);中国科学院大学中国科学院大学优秀青年教师科研能力提升项目

Classification and analysis of micro wears in the jade tunnels of Yin Ruins

YANG Luya1,2(), ZHU Jian2(), YUE Chaolong3, TANG Jigeng4   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044
    2. Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
    3. Institute of Archaeology Chinese Academy of Social Science, beijing 100710
    4. Southern University of Science and Technology
  • Received:2018-11-28 Revised:2019-03-26 Online:2021-04-15 Published:2021-04-13
  • Contact: ZHU Jian

摘要:

殷墟玉器对探索晚商时期的文化与科技水平具有重要意义。本文以高分辨硅胶覆模配合显微观察为主要分析手段,选取殷墟出土典型的有孔玉器,针对其孔道内部微痕情况,进行了系统的分析。结果表明,玉器孔道内部微痕可归纳为圆周状凹槽、平行纵向凹槽、弧形口沿、椭圆凹坑、不规则纵向凹线等5个类型。同时,根据微痕形态、分布、完整度、叠压关系等特征,认为其成因主要以加工和使用两大类型为主。研究指出,根据玉器孔道内部微痕特征,可望建立微痕与工艺或使用之间的关系;而通过对其成因的探讨,可对玉器加工、改制和使用等方面提供重要科学证据,由此深入阐释或挖掘古代玉器中的文化内涵。

关键词: 殷墟玉器, 孔道, 扫描电镜, 硅胶, 加工微痕, 使用微痕

Abstract:

The jades excavated from Yin Ruins are significant for exploring the culture and technology in late Shang Dynasty. In this paper, we used silica glue to duplicate some perforated jades’ micro-wears from Yin Ruins. The optical microscope and scanning electron microscope were used to observe and analysis the micro-wears systematically. The results show that there were five different micro-wears, including circular grooves, parallel lengthwise grooves, curved rim, oval pits and irregular lengthwise lines. At the same time, according to the characteristics of micro-wears morphology, distribution, integrity and lamination relationship, it is believed that the formation was mainly related to processing and using. This study points out that based on the micro-wears characteristics inside the jade tunnel, it is expected to establish the relationship between micro-wears and process or use; and through the discussion of micro-wears’ formation, it can provide important scientific evidence for the processing, reworking and using of jade, thus profoundly interpreting the cultural connotation of ancient jade.

Key words: Yin Ruins jades, Drilling, Scanning electron microscope, Silica glue, Processing trace, Using trace

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