人类学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (04): 630-648.doi: 10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2022.0031
收稿日期:
2022-04-15
修回日期:
2022-05-27
出版日期:
2022-08-12
发布日期:
2022-08-10
作者简介:
李浩,研究员,主要从事旧石器考古与人类演化研究。E-mail: 基金资助:
Received:
2022-04-15
Revised:
2022-05-27
Online:
2022-08-12
Published:
2022-08-10
摘要:
本文从扩散时间、扩散路径、主要争论以及考古学证据等方面,对早期现代人南方扩散路线的研究现状进行梳理,对相关问题进行了探究。越来越多的证据显示,使用旧石器中期石器技术的早期现代人在晚更新世早期(MIS 5阶段)已经开始沿南方路线扩散,但学术界对于此次扩散的范围和影响程度仍存在争议。在距今约5万年以后,南方扩散路线上的早期现代人出现诸如使用赭石颜料、制作串珠和骨质工具、创作岩画艺术等行为,同时也独立发展出一些区域性适应行为。石器研究显示,南亚地区在5-3万年前逐渐出现了细石器技术及相关产品(细石叶、修背工具等),而东南亚和大洋洲地区表现出以生产细小石片为主的权宜性石器技术体系,一些细小石片曾被用来加工有机质工具或作为复合型工具使用。中国南方地区紧邻东南亚和印度半岛,无论是从地理位置还是从生态环境来看,都可以纳入南方扩散路线的研究范围。建议从旧石器中期石制品组合和旧石器晚期细小石制品组合两方面入手,开展跨区域比较研究,为探索中国南方地区早期现代人的出现和演化提供重要考古学证据。
中图分类号:
李浩. 探究早期现代人的南方扩散路线[J]. 人类学学报, 2022, 41(04): 630-648.
LI Hao. A probe into the southern dispersal route of early modern humans[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2022, 41(04): 630-648.
图1 正文中涉及的所有遗址的地理位置图 另附3处年代早于距今约13万年的东非早期现代人遗址位置信息,年代早于距今约5万年前且仅有人类化石发现的遗址加注下划线。
Fig.1 Geographic locations of all sites mentioned in the text plus information for 3 early modern human sites older than 130 ka in East Africa, sites older than 50 ka and with only human fossils are marked with an underline.
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