中国藏缅语族成人的超重与肥胖

doi:10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2022.0047

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

运用人体测量学的方法，研究组从2015年到2019年在贵州、云南、四川、西藏、湖北、湖南6省区调查藏缅语族17个少数民族成人的体质指标。测量指标包括体质量、身高与皮褶厚度。计算指标包括身体质量指数、体密度和体脂率。藏缅语族民族的身体质量指数与人均GDP呈正相关。藏缅语族民族的肥胖与超重率受社会经济因素和历史文化因素影响。藏缅语族男女的肥胖与超重率都较高，迫切需要采取积极的措施来应对和预防。

关键词: 超重, 肥胖, 藏缅语族, 成年人

Abstract:

Using anthropometric methods, the research team surveyed physical parameters of adults in 17 minorities of the Tibetan Burmese speaking groups at Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, Tibet, Hubei and Hunan from 2015 to 2019. Measurement parameters include mass, height and skinfold. Calculation parameters include body mass index, body density and percent body fat. The body mass index of Tibetan Burmese speaking groups are positively correlated with per capita GDP.The obesity and overweight rate of the Tibetan Burmese speaking groups is affected by socio-economic factors and historical and cultural factors. The obesity and overweight rates of the adults of Tibetan Burmese speaking groups are high, and it is urgent to take active measures to deal with and prevent them.

Key words: Overweight, Obesity, Tibetan Burmese, Adult

中图分类号:

Q984

张兴华, 郑连斌, 徐飞, 包金萍, 宇克莉. 中国藏缅语族成人的超重与肥胖[J]. 人类学学报, 2023, 42(02): 272-276.

ZHANG Xinghua, ZHENG Lianbin, XU Fei, BAO Jinping, YU Keli. Overweight and obesity in Tibetan Burmese adults in China[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2023, 42(02): 272-276.

图/表 2

参考文献 14

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民族Nationality	人数Number	年龄 Age(a)	体质量 m (kg)	身高 H(mm)	身体质量指数 I_m(kg/m²)	皮褶和T_s(mm)	体密度D(10³kg/m³)	体脂率R_fat(%)
阿昌族Achang	224	46.0±13.7	63.1±10.2	1623.9±50.9	23.9±3.4	39.5±16.6	1.05±0.01	19.4%±6.2%
白族Bai	276	55.4±12.8	63.9±11.0	1646.0±60.8	23.6±3.7	46.9±17.1	1.05±0.01	23.3%±5.8%
藏族Tibetan	515	47.1±15.0	72.3±12.2	1675.3±63.6	25.7±3.8	54.6±15.1	1.04±0.01	24.7%±5.0%
哈尼族Hani	206	53.9±14.5	60.0±10.3	1595.9±56.8	23.5±3.7	44.6±19.1	1.05±0.01	21.7%±6.6%
基诺族Jino	324	49.6±15.5	60.1±10.7	1582.7±63.5	23.9±3.6	44.9±16.6	1.05±0.01	21.6%±5.8%
独龙族Derung	191	38.7±13.7	54.6±7.9	1574.7±56.0	22.0±2.7	31.8±12.6	1.06±0.01	15.6%±5.2%
景颇族Jingpo	233	48.0±11.9	58.7±9.0	1598.8±54.9	22.9±3.3	36.2±15.9	1.06±0.02	18.8%±5.9%
拉祜族Lahu	319	47.3±13.1	55.8±8.5	1572.9±60.5	22.5±2.8	34.8±13.5	1.06±0.01	18.2%±4.9%
傈僳族Lisu	380	47.2±13.9	61.7±10.2	1616.1±57.4	23.6±3.3	37.1±18.6	1.05±0.01	22.0%±5.6%
珞巴族Lhoba	78	40.3±12.1	62.5±9.6	1652.6±49.1	22.8±3.1	39.3±18.8	1.06±0.01	16.9%±6.2%
门巴族Monba	156	42.1±14.7	63.2±10.4	1624.7±59.5	23.9±3.6	40.1±15.0	1.05±0.01	19.4%±6.1%
纳西族Naxi	565	50.8±15.2	64.9±12.2	1648.2±67.9	23.8±3.7	41.0±18.4	1.05±0.02	20.1%±6.9%
怒族Nu	280	41.0±14.6	57.8±9.5	1610.4±52.7	22.3±3.4	30.6±17.0	1.06±0.02	14.9%±6.9%
普米族Pumi	438	46.5±14.6	65.3±12.4	1693.6±60.9	22.8±4.4	37.9±17.2	1.06±0.01	18.8%±6.5%
羌族Qiang	416	49.0±16.2	66.1±10.7	1638.0±63.1	24.6±3.4	48.6±16.2	1.05±0.01	22.9%±5.9%
土家族Tujia	948	51.5±14.4	64.2±10.2	1620.1±61.9	24.4±3.4	48.7±19.8	1.04±0.01	23.6%±6.2%
彝族Yi	1019	44.9±14.0	60.2±10.0	1622.3±59.7	22.8±3.3	42.4±17.1	1.05±0.01	20.3%±5.8%
合计Total	6568	47.7±14.9	62.7±11.3	1627.4±67.9	23.6±3.6	42.7±18.3	1.05±0.01	20.9%±6.5%
P			**	**	**	**	**	**

民族Nationality	人数Number	年龄 Age(a)	体质量 m (kg)	身高 H(mm)	身体质量指数 I_m(kg/m²)	皮褶和T_s(mm)	体密度D(10³kg/m³)	体脂率R_fat(%)
阿昌族Achang	224	46.0±13.7	63.1±10.2	1623.9±50.9	23.9±3.4	39.5±16.6	1.05±0.01	19.4%±6.2%
白族Bai	276	55.4±12.8	63.9±11.0	1646.0±60.8	23.6±3.7	46.9±17.1	1.05±0.01	23.3%±5.8%
藏族Tibetan	515	47.1±15.0	72.3±12.2	1675.3±63.6	25.7±3.8	54.6±15.1	1.04±0.01	24.7%±5.0%
哈尼族Hani	206	53.9±14.5	60.0±10.3	1595.9±56.8	23.5±3.7	44.6±19.1	1.05±0.01	21.7%±6.6%
基诺族Jino	324	49.6±15.5	60.1±10.7	1582.7±63.5	23.9±3.6	44.9±16.6	1.05±0.01	21.6%±5.8%
独龙族Derung	191	38.7±13.7	54.6±7.9	1574.7±56.0	22.0±2.7	31.8±12.6	1.06±0.01	15.6%±5.2%
景颇族Jingpo	233	48.0±11.9	58.7±9.0	1598.8±54.9	22.9±3.3	36.2±15.9	1.06±0.02	18.8%±5.9%
拉祜族Lahu	319	47.3±13.1	55.8±8.5	1572.9±60.5	22.5±2.8	34.8±13.5	1.06±0.01	18.2%±4.9%
傈僳族Lisu	380	47.2±13.9	61.7±10.2	1616.1±57.4	23.6±3.3	37.1±18.6	1.05±0.01	22.0%±5.6%
珞巴族Lhoba	78	40.3±12.1	62.5±9.6	1652.6±49.1	22.8±3.1	39.3±18.8	1.06±0.01	16.9%±6.2%
门巴族Monba	156	42.1±14.7	63.2±10.4	1624.7±59.5	23.9±3.6	40.1±15.0	1.05±0.01	19.4%±6.1%
纳西族Naxi	565	50.8±15.2	64.9±12.2	1648.2±67.9	23.8±3.7	41.0±18.4	1.05±0.02	20.1%±6.9%
怒族Nu	280	41.0±14.6	57.8±9.5	1610.4±52.7	22.3±3.4	30.6±17.0	1.06±0.02	14.9%±6.9%
普米族Pumi	438	46.5±14.6	65.3±12.4	1693.6±60.9	22.8±4.4	37.9±17.2	1.06±0.01	18.8%±6.5%
羌族Qiang	416	49.0±16.2	66.1±10.7	1638.0±63.1	24.6±3.4	48.6±16.2	1.05±0.01	22.9%±5.9%
土家族Tujia	948	51.5±14.4	64.2±10.2	1620.1±61.9	24.4±3.4	48.7±19.8	1.04±0.01	23.6%±6.2%
彝族Yi	1019	44.9±14.0	60.2±10.0	1622.3±59.7	22.8±3.3	42.4±17.1	1.05±0.01	20.3%±5.8%
合计Total	6568	47.7±14.9	62.7±11.3	1627.4±67.9	23.6±3.6	42.7±18.3	1.05±0.01	20.9%±6.5%
P			**	**	**	**	**	**

民族Nationality	人数 Number	年龄 Age(a)	体质量 m (kg)	身高 H(mm)	身体质量指数 I_m(kg/m²)	皮褶和 T_s(mm)	体密度 D(10³kg/m³)	体脂率 R_fat (%)
阿昌族Achang	387	48.8±13.5	54.2±7.2	1510.0±54.2	23.8±3.0	55.0±20.9	1.03±0.01	31.4%±5.7%
白族Bai	517	55.4±12.9	55.5±9.2	1534.6±58.2	23.5±3.4	59.2±16.8	1.02±0.01	33.7%±4.2%
藏族Tibetan	587	47.9±14.3	62.1±10.9	1561.0±60.0	25.5±4.3	62.8±14.3	1.02±0.01	33.7%±4.4%
哈尼族Hani	327	53.6±14.0	51.8±9.6	1494.0±57.0	23.1±3.7	66.0±22.1	1.02±0.01	34.4%±5.0%
基诺族Jino	414	48.3±13.4	53.3±10.2	1482.0±60.8	24.2±3.9	57.8±18.0	1.03±0.01	32.2%±4.9%
独龙族Derung	185	37.3±14.2	48.0±7.3	1469.0±46.4	22.2±3.0	48.3±15.7	1.04±0.01	27.7%±5.4%
景颇族Jingpo	392	49.8±13.7	53.3±9.1	1494.2±50.8	23.9±3.8	56.9±22.0	1.03±0.01	32.4%±5.8%
拉祜族Lahu	366	47.2±13.8	48.9±8.9	1473.3±53.2	22.5±3.5	52.6±17.0	1.03±0.01	30.7%±4.9%
傈僳族Lisu	464	48.6±15.0	55.3±9.7	1518.6±54.7	24.0±3.9	50.3±19.7	1.03±0.01	30.0%±6.0%
珞巴族Lhoba	122	41.9±14.4	55.6±9.8	1520.2±65.7	24.0±3.6	56.5±18.7	1.03±0.01	30.6%±5.0%
门巴族Monba	230	43.2±13.1	59.9±11.2	1513.2±56.2	26.1±4.4	61.4±17.6	1.03±0.01	32.2%±4.5%
纳西族Naxi	699	51.2±16.2	57.0±10.1	1538.8±64.1	24.0±3.9	57.2±21.3	1.03±0.01	32.0%±5.9%
怒族Nu	253	42.7±14.0	52.2±8.5	1507.5±55.7	22.9±3.2	48.4±16.5	1.05±0.02	20.7%±6.7%
普米族Pumi	616	48.7±15.2	56.9±9.5	1574.0±60.1	22.9±3.4	53.7±21.0	1.03±0.01	30.7%±5.8%
羌族Qiang	441	48.3±15.0	60.0±9.0	1533.3±57.1	25.5±3.7	72.1±17.9	1.02±0.01	35.3%±5.1%
土家族Tujia	1147	48.3±14.1	56.1±8.7	1517.7±54.7	24.3±3.5	65.4±22.5	1.02±0.01	35.6%±4.3%
彝族Yi	1103	46.3±13.3	53.0±9.7	1515.6±57.5	23.0±3.7	58.6±19.7	1.04±0.01	25.3%±5.7%
合计Total	8250	48.4±14.6	55.3±10.0	1520.8±63.1	23.9±3.8	58.9±20.4	1.03±0.01	31.4%±6.4%
P			**	**	**	**	**	**

民族Nationality	人数 Number	年龄 Age(a)	体质量 m (kg)	身高 H(mm)	身体质量指数 I_m(kg/m²)	皮褶和 T_s(mm)	体密度 D(10³kg/m³)	体脂率 R_fat (%)
阿昌族Achang	387	48.8±13.5	54.2±7.2	1510.0±54.2	23.8±3.0	55.0±20.9	1.03±0.01	31.4%±5.7%
白族Bai	517	55.4±12.9	55.5±9.2	1534.6±58.2	23.5±3.4	59.2±16.8	1.02±0.01	33.7%±4.2%
藏族Tibetan	587	47.9±14.3	62.1±10.9	1561.0±60.0	25.5±4.3	62.8±14.3	1.02±0.01	33.7%±4.4%
哈尼族Hani	327	53.6±14.0	51.8±9.6	1494.0±57.0	23.1±3.7	66.0±22.1	1.02±0.01	34.4%±5.0%
基诺族Jino	414	48.3±13.4	53.3±10.2	1482.0±60.8	24.2±3.9	57.8±18.0	1.03±0.01	32.2%±4.9%
独龙族Derung	185	37.3±14.2	48.0±7.3	1469.0±46.4	22.2±3.0	48.3±15.7	1.04±0.01	27.7%±5.4%
景颇族Jingpo	392	49.8±13.7	53.3±9.1	1494.2±50.8	23.9±3.8	56.9±22.0	1.03±0.01	32.4%±5.8%
拉祜族Lahu	366	47.2±13.8	48.9±8.9	1473.3±53.2	22.5±3.5	52.6±17.0	1.03±0.01	30.7%±4.9%
傈僳族Lisu	464	48.6±15.0	55.3±9.7	1518.6±54.7	24.0±3.9	50.3±19.7	1.03±0.01	30.0%±6.0%
珞巴族Lhoba	122	41.9±14.4	55.6±9.8	1520.2±65.7	24.0±3.6	56.5±18.7	1.03±0.01	30.6%±5.0%
门巴族Monba	230	43.2±13.1	59.9±11.2	1513.2±56.2	26.1±4.4	61.4±17.6	1.03±0.01	32.2%±4.5%
纳西族Naxi	699	51.2±16.2	57.0±10.1	1538.8±64.1	24.0±3.9	57.2±21.3	1.03±0.01	32.0%±5.9%
怒族Nu	253	42.7±14.0	52.2±8.5	1507.5±55.7	22.9±3.2	48.4±16.5	1.05±0.02	20.7%±6.7%
普米族Pumi	616	48.7±15.2	56.9±9.5	1574.0±60.1	22.9±3.4	53.7±21.0	1.03±0.01	30.7%±5.8%
羌族Qiang	441	48.3±15.0	60.0±9.0	1533.3±57.1	25.5±3.7	72.1±17.9	1.02±0.01	35.3%±5.1%
土家族Tujia	1147	48.3±14.1	56.1±8.7	1517.7±54.7	24.3±3.5	65.4±22.5	1.02±0.01	35.6%±4.3%
彝族Yi	1103	46.3±13.3	53.0±9.7	1515.6±57.5	23.0±3.7	58.6±19.7	1.04±0.01	25.3%±5.7%
合计Total	8250	48.4±14.6	55.3±10.0	1520.8±63.1	23.9±3.8	58.9±20.4	1.03±0.01	31.4%±6.4%
P			**	**	**	**	**	**