人类学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (04): 514-522.doi: 10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2023.0035cstr: 32091.14.j.1000-3193/AAS.2023.0035

• 简报/发掘报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

成都王家堰旧石器遗址第1地点发掘报告

黄明1(), 左志强1, 李浩2(), 高玉2, 孙雪峰3, 李国4, 肖培源5   

  1. 1.成都文物考古研究院,成都 610072
    2.中国科学院青藏高原研究所,青藏高原地球系统与资源环境全国重点实验室,北京 100101
    3.南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京 210023
    4.成都市双流区文物保护管理所,双流 610200
    5.中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京 100044
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-26 修回日期:2023-04-18 出版日期:2023-08-15 发布日期:2023-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 李浩,研究员,主要从事旧石器考古与人类演化研究。E-mail: lihao@itpcas.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:黄明,博士,副研究馆员,主要从事旧石器时代考古和环境考古研究。E-mail: hdhm7806@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    青藏高原地球系统基础科学中心项目(BSCTPES);青藏高原地球系统基础科学中心项目(41988101);四川省文物保护专项资金补助项目(PF-2022-1021-024);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB26000000)

An excavation report of the Locality 1 of Wangjiayan Paleolithic site, Chengdu

HUANG Ming1(), ZUO Zhiqiang1, LI Hao2(), GAO Yu2, SUN Xuefeng3, LI Guo4, XIAO Peiyuan5   

  1. 1. Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Chengdu 610072
    2. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment, Beijing 100101
    3. School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023
    4. Chengdu Shuangliu District Cultural Relics Protection Administration, Shuangliu 610200
    5. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100044
  • Received:2023-03-26 Revised:2023-04-18 Online:2023-08-15 Published:2023-08-10

摘要:

王家堰遗址第1地点位于成都双流牧马山台地北部缓丘之上。遗址发掘出土石制品82件,包括石核、石片、断块和石器等,此外还有大量未经加工的完整砾石。石制品原料主要来自附近河滩砾石及牧马山组下部砂砾石层,以石英岩为主,附少量脉石英。石核剥片均采用硬锤法,主要为单台面石核,另有少量双台面石核。石片的尺寸变异较大,少量石片具有制作手斧等重型石器的潜力,石片台面以石皮为主。部分石片边缘可见明显的破损痕迹,可能为使用所致。石器以重型类为主,其中包括手斧和手镐等类似阿舍利技术风格的石器类型。初步光释光测年结果显示,王家堰遗址第1地点古人类活动的时间不晚于距今8.9万年。王家堰遗址第1地点的发现和发掘,拓展了成都平原地区早期人类活动的历史,为进一步了解和探索成都平原早期人类的生存策略及旧石器文化提供了重要材料。

关键词: 成都, 王家堰遗址, 石制品, 手斧

Abstract:

Locality 1 at the Wangjiayan site is located in the northern part of the Mumatai undulating terrace in Shuangliu District, Chengdu City. In total, 82 stone artifacts were excavated from the site including cores, flakes, chunks and tools. In addition, a large quantity of unmodified cobbles were also unearthed. Raw materials were mainly collected from adjacent river gravels and lower cobble lays of the Mumashan Formation. Quartzite is the predominant type of raw material, accompanied by a small proportion of vein quartz. Freehand percussion was exclusively used for core reduction, with single-platform cores prevalent, plus a few double-platform cores. Flakes show a remarkable variation of size with some possessing the potential to make heavy-duty tools (e.g., handaxes) as a cortical platform is common for most of the flakes. Damage is observed on flake margins, which may indicate direct use of unretouched flakes. Heavy-duty tools including two handaxes and a pick share similar technological features with tools in the Acheulean techno-complex. Preliminary OSL dating indicates that the occupation was no younger than 89 ka. The discovery and excavation of this Locality 1 further extends the history of humans’ activities in the Chengdu Plain, and sheds important light for our understanding of subsistence strategies and Paleolithic culture of early hominins in the region.

Key words: Chengdu, Wangjiayan site, Lithics, Handaxe

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