关键词: 骨折；新石器时代；青铜时代；汉代及北魏朝代；中国

Abstract: The fracture specimens of human skeletal remains used in this study are from the Neolithicsites of Xixiahou in Shandong province and Xiawanggang in Henan province, and from Bronze-Age site of Changyang in Hubei province as well as the two sites of Han Dynasty of Shouzhou and Bci Wci Dynasty of Daton city in Shanxi province.
It was found that among the observed 393 human skeletons from five populations in different archaeological sites, 13 individuals (10 males and 3 females) displayed one or more bony fractures in each. The statistic results of the frequency of the fracture occurrencce in cach population are presented in Table 2.
In general, thc various types of fracture in this study included the depressed fracture of the cranium, the compressed fracture of the first lumbar vertebra, the fracture of the femoral neck,the bending fractures of the distal tibia and fibula, the shearing fracture of the tibia and the distal radius fracture (?.e., Coll's fracture). It was also found that all of the fracture have healed but there are callus formation in the long bones, and healed fracture displayed the complete or incomplete dislocations and led to deformities.
The author believes that the frequency of the fracture occurrence in five ancient populations shows a tendency increasing from lower frequency in early populations represented by Neolithic period to higher frequency in late populations.

Key words: Fracture; Neolithic; Bronze-Age; Han Dynasty; Bei Wei Dynasty; China