关键词: 颅骨;东亚蒙古人种;龙头山;青铜时代

Abstract: The human skulls studied in this article are from Longtoushan site in Keshiketeng Banner, Chifeng city, Inner Mongolia. The age of the cranial material ( 11 males and 3 females) rang es from 14 to 50 years. The article described the morphological features o f Longtoushan crania in some details and discussed the problems concerning the racial relationship between the Longtoushan crania and other mordern and ancient crania of Asiatic Mongoloids.
The majority of the crania of Longtoushan population belong to mesocrany, hypsicrany and acrocrany. Date of measurements and indices are shown in Table 2. Most of the skulls have no or small canine fossa and weak anterior nasal spine. Their zygomatic bones are wide and zygomatico-maxillar junction is less rounded. The frequency of occurences of crista sagittalis, mandibular torus and shovel incisor are high.
The physical features of Longtoushan crania show that the racial type is closely related to the Eastern Asiatic Mongoloids, but some physical features of Longtoushan skulls are closer to those in the Northern Chinese crania and the Bronze Age human skulls from Shunshantun site of Kangping County, Liaoning province.

Key words: Human skull, Eastern Asiatic Mongoloid, Longtoushan, Bronze Age