更新世晚期大型哺乳动物消亡一直是科学界关注的热点科学问题,其消亡的环境背景和影响机制仍没有形成一致观点。我国东北地区晚更新世地层中保存有丰富的猛犸象-披毛犀动物群（Mammuthus-Coelodonta Fauna）化石记录,是研究更新世晚期大型哺乳动物生存环境及消亡过程的理想区域。黑龙江省青冈地区出土有典型的晚更新世哺乳动物化石种类,如真猛犸象（Mammuthus primigenius）、披毛犀（Coelodonta antiquitatis）等。本文以青冈县英贤村化石出土剖面为研究对象,通过孢粉分析,重建猛犸象-披毛犀动物群的生存环境背景。青冈地区猛犸象-披毛犀动物群出土于湖沼相沉积中,研究发现其生存环境的主要植被成分是蒿属、菊科、禾本科、莎草科和云杉属,指示草甸草原为主,局地生长有针叶林的植被景观。欧亚大陆晚更新世高纬度地区广泛分布的猛犸象草原植被曾延伸到我国东北地区。

The megafaunal extinction in the Late Pleistocene has been hot discussed in the scientific fields, however, there have not yet reached consistent point of the impact of environmental change and the climate dynamics background during the mass extinction process. Northeast China, keeping abundant Mammuthus-Coelodonta fauna fossil in its wide distributing lacustrine sediments of Late Pleistocene, is very profit to the study of the environmental change and the process of the megafaunal extinction. Recently, a serial of fossil megafaunal fossil of the Late Pleistocene has been unearthed in Qinggang County, Heilongjiang Province, which mainly includes Mammuthus primigenius, Coelodonta antiquitatis and so on. In this study, basing on 17 pollen data from Yingxiancun section located in Qinggang County, we reconstructed the vegetation environment of Mammuthus-Coelodonta fauna in the area. Our study shows that the Late Pleistocene Mammuthus-Coelodonta fanua unearthed in the lacustrine sediment was living in an environment dominated by Artemisia, Asteraceae, Gramineae, Cyperaceae with a few of Picea. The pollen assemblages reveal that the area was covered by wide distributed meadow with few conifer forests during the Late Pleistocene that indicate the vast Mammoth steppe, which was wide spread in the upper latitude of Eurasian, had also extended to the central part of Northeast China during the Late Pleistocene.