丹江口库区王庄、吴家外和岳沟地点发现的石制品
收稿日期: 2020-03-08
修回日期: 2020-08-20
网络出版日期: 2022-12-19
基金资助
中国人民大学亚洲研究中心项目“中更新世晚期丹江口库区石器技术综合研究”(20YYA05)
Stone artifacts from Wangzhuang, Wujiawai and Yuegou sites in the Danjiangkou Reservoir region
Received date: 2020-03-08
Revised date: 2020-08-20
Online published: 2022-12-19
王庄2号地点、吴家外地点和岳沟1号地点位于丹江口库区淅川县。2009年4月,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所对这3处遗址进行了抢救性考古发掘,每个地点发掘面积100 m2,获得石制品数量分别为13件、33件、13件,包括石核、石片、断块、工具等多种类型。3个地点的原料均属就地取材,与各自所在区域的砾石原料构成有关,从原料选择上能看出古人类的有针对性选择。石器分析显示,3处地点的剥片技术均为硬锤直接锤击法,王庄2号地点和吴家外地点的石器大小、质量、石器面貌与南方砾石工业更接近,而岳沟1号地点则与北方石片石器技术面貌相似,表现出中国南北方主工业类型过渡的特点,为研究晚更新世古人类在汉水流域的适应生存、开发过程提供了一批资料。
仪明洁 , 裴树文 , 牛东伟 , 马宁 . 丹江口库区王庄、吴家外和岳沟地点发现的石制品[J]. 人类学学报, 2022 , 41(06) : 959 -966 . DOI: 10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2021.0083
Wangzhuang Locality 2, the Wujiawai site, and Yuegou Locality 1, all buried along the front margin of the third terrace on Danjiang River’s right bank are located in Xichuan Country, Henan Province. They were excavated in April 2009 by the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, as a salvage archaeological project due to construction of the Dangjiangkou reservoir dam at a higher latitude. Excavation of each site exposed an area of 100 m2, and the number of stone artifacts collected from each site was 13, 33, 13, respectively, including cores, flakes, tools, and chunks. Raw materials of the sites were not the same because of differing constitutions of local gravels. Lithic analyses show that direct hard-hammer percussion was applied for knapping. Artifacts from Wangzhuang Locality 2 and the Wujiawai site share the same characteristics of the South China stone industry, whereas lithics from Yuegou Locality 1 were more closely aligned with the main North China stone industry. Clearly this Dangjiangkou reservoir region is a transitional area between North and South China, an important region for early hominid occupation, migration and cultural exchange during the Pleistocene. Excavation of these sites enriches the cultural prehistory in this area.
Key words: archaeology; lithics; Henan; Middle Pleistocene
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