本文采用超景深显微镜观测、骨裂形态分析、肉眼观察记录、扫描电镜研究等方法，研究了山东昌乐八里庄遗址金元时期的火烧骨材料，探讨了火葬对人类遗骸产生的影响。火烧骨颜色整体呈现乳白色与灰蓝色，骨组织中出现了成簇或单个的不同形态的骨结晶，因此我们推断，M49:2与M76:3两个个体分别对应800~900℃与500~600℃的火葬温度；各种类型火烧骨裂形态的出现也是火烧骨的一个重要特征，而个体M49:2中右侧肱骨出现的弯曲卷翘现象反映了湿骨即带肉骨骼焚烧的可能性；最后，结合该遗址的墓葬背景资料及金元时期火葬现象的历史记载，对两个个体所经历的火葬性质作出推测。

The study used the burnt bone materials from the Jin and Yuan Dynasties at the Balizhuang site in Changle, Shandong, and discovered two individuals, M49:2 and M76:3, to analyze the effects of cremation on human remains from both macro and micro observation levels. Methods such as ultra-depth-of-field microscopy observation, analysis of fracture morphology, naked eye observation records, and scanning electron microscopy research are used. Generally, the impact of cremation on human bone remains is reflected at the macro level in changes in bone color, the occurrence of fire bone cracks, heating-induced bone warping, and at the microscopic level in changes in bone crystals and Haversian canals. The results showed that the colors of the two burnt bone individuals were milky white and gray-blue as a whole, and clusters or single bone crystals of different shapes appeared in the bone tissue. It was inferred that M49:2 and M76:3 correspond to cremation temperatures of 800~900°C and 500~600°C respectively. The cremation process will change the chemical properties of bones. Burnt bones are usually more fragile than the unburnt. Burnt bone fractures are prone to occur during the cremation process, so various types of burnt bone fractures appear. In individual M49:2, the right humerus has a bending and curling phenomenon. The phenomenon of curling of burnt bones mainly occurs when the fleshy bones, that is, wet bones, are cremated. This is because the muscles and ligaments contract during the cremation process, thus pulling the bones. The curling of the burnt bones will appear, which reflects that the M49:2 individual should have retained a large amount of muscle and soft tissue when it was cremated. Finally, combined with the tomb background information of the site and the historical records of cremation phenomena in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, possible speculations on the nature of the cremation experienced by the two individuals from many aspects are made, including whether the burnt bones were caused by the fire before death, whether the cremation is affected by the personal wishes of the deceased, and whether the two cases of burnt bones may correspond to certain customs recorded in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties. At the same time, the impact of the burial environment on bones should not be ignored. Researchers also need to pay attention to the skeletal differences between individuals. The impact of cremation on the human skeletal remains of various individuals is still different. In summary, the research value can be better demonstrated by closely integrating the cremated remains with the archaeological background.