Comparative analysis of body components of Tujian adults from Hunan, Hubei and Guizhou Provinces

doi:10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2019.0052

Abstract

Abstract:

Body composition refers to the percentage of body fat, protein, muscle, water, etc. in body weight. A reasonable ratio between these components is important to maintain normal body operations, and with ethnic differences in body composition, this topic is key in anthropological research. Our current research focuses on the relationship between body composition of Chinese adolescents and college students with other physical indicators; in particular there is a lack of comparative research on the Tujia nationality. In this paper, the bioelectrical impedance analysis method was used to compare body composition characteristics of Tujia adults in Hunan, Hubei and Guizhou in order to explore the effects of genetics, environment, diet etc. on body composition. A random sample of 959 (411 males, average age 53.7±14.2 years; 548 females, average age 51.0±13.6 years) was studied. Excel 2007 and SPSS 19.0 were used to conduct ANOVA, Person correlation and independent sample T test analyses. ANOVA results indicated that except for total muscle mass, estimated bone mass, right upper limb muscle mass, and trunk muscle mass, Tujia males from the three regions showed statistically significant (P<0.05) differences among various indicators. Among Tujia women from the three regions, except for body weight, estimated bone mass, total energy metabolism, right upper limb muscle mass, right lower limb muscle mass, and left lower limb fat rate there were statistically significant (P<0.05) differences. According to standardized body fat percentages it was noted that Hubei, Guizhou and Hunan Tujia adults are in the normal range, and that Hunan Tujia women carry their obesity around abdomen, and therefore are more likely to suffer from chronic diseases. This result is related to the high standard of living of the Hunan people. Among the three regions, muscle mass in Hubei adults were more developed, with adults in Hunan and Hubei and Guizhou women having a tendency for slightly higher muscle mass in the right limb compred to the left. Guizhou men had similar muscle mass in the lower limbs, and thus it was assumed that bone mass would be higher and bones stronger.

Key words: Biological anthropology, Tujia nationality, Statistics, Body composition

CLC Number:

Q983

LI Shan, WANG Wenjia, YU Keli, ZHENG Lianbin. Comparative analysis of body components of Tujian adults from Hunan, Hubei and Guizhou Provinces[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2021, 40(02): 272-280.

Figures/Tables 7

References 20

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指标/Indicator	湖南/Hunan		湖北/Hubei		贵州/Guizhou		方差分析/ One-Way ANOVA	多重比较/ Multiple Comparison
指标/Indicator	范围/Range	$\bar{x}$±S	范围/Range	$\bar{x}$±S	范围/Range	$\bar{x}$±S	方差分析/ One-Way ANOVA	多重比较/ Multiple Comparison
体质量/ m_bd(kg)	43.0-93.3	64.5±10.4	43.0-100.0	65.2±9.8	43.6-84.5	60.4±10.2	7.47**	bc
身高/ h (mm)	1449.0-1775.0	1606.6±72.2	1483.0-1793.0	1632.3±60.3	1456.0-1802.0	1604.4±75.3	8.13**	ac
体脂率/ p_bf	9.9%-38.9%	24.8%±5.2%	2.0%-44.2%	23.5%±5.9%	5.7%-43.9%	17.1%±7.7%	39.70**	bc
总肌肉量/ m_tb(kg)	34.0-64.3	46.1±6.1	20.1-66.6	47.4±6.1	10.5-67.5	46.2±8.1	1.92	-
推定骨量/ m_eb(kg)	1.9-3.5	2.6±0.3	1.9-3.6	2.6±0.3	2.0-3.7	2.6±0.3	1.82	-
体质量指数/ I_bm (kg/ m²)	18.0-39.9	25.5±3.8	17.0-36.3	24.9±3.4	18.7-30.9	23.4±2.9	8.37*	bc
热量/ t_em(kcal)	1430.0-2887.0	2019.8±295.4	1399.0-3544.0	2091.4±288.2	1524.0-4017.0	2236.3±459.6	9.12**	bc
水分率/ p_bw	37.9%-66.4%	51.9%±4.5%	22.8%-76.5%	52.6%±5.8%	45.1%-71.4%	58.5%±5.7%	38.96**	bc
内脏脂肪等级/ l_vf	2.0-21.0	12.9±3.9	1.0-21.0	12.1±4.1	1.0-17.0	8.9±5.0	21.25**	bc
右上肢脂肪率 /p_ru	9.0%-36.0%	18.7%±4.3%	1.0%-35.3%	17.4%±4.6%	1.0%-42.4%	13.1%±6.9%	29.06**	bc
右上肢肌肉量/ m_ru(kg)	1.5-3.7	2.4±0.4	1.6-8.3	2.6±0.7	1.8-4.3	2.6±0.5	2.75	a
左上肢脂肪率/ p_lu	9.4%-37.3%	19.1%±4.2%	1.0%-36.4%	18.1%±4.4%	2.6%-43.4%	14.0%±6.9%	25.82**	bc
左上肢肌肉量/ m_lu(kg)	1.5-3.4	2.2±0.4	1.1-8.5	2.4±0.7	1.8-8.1	2.5±0.7	3.24*	b
右下肢脂肪率/ p_rl	11.9%-39.3%	22.9%±4.7%	7.7%-37.8%	22.2%±4.7%	3.1%-42.9%	17.3%±7.5%	28.81**	bc
右下肢肌肉量/ m_rl(kg)	5.5-12.6	8.4±1.4	4.7-13.4	8.7±1.3	5.9-13.8	8.9±1.4	3.31*	b
左下肢脂肪率/ p_ll	11.9%-39.2%	23.0%±4.6%	6.0%-38.0%	22.0%±4.6%	3.9%-42.6%	17.3%±7.4%	28.87**	bc
左下肢肌肉量/ m_ll(kg)	5.6-12.3	8.3±1.3	4.9-13.2	8.6±1.3	6.2-13.5	8.9±1.4	3.75*	ab
躯干脂肪率/ p_tf	8.5%-39.1%	26.9%±6.2%	5.0%-60.8%	25.5%±7.3%	5.0%-44.7%	17.7%±8.5%	41.20**	bc
躯干肌肉量/ m_tm(kg)	19.7-32.4	24.9±2.8	14.1-39.7	25.5±3.1	17.6-52.9	24.7±4.6	1.98	-

指标/Indicator	湖南/Hunan		湖北/Hubei		贵州/Guizhou		方差分析/ One-Way ANOVA	多重比较/ Multiple Comparison
指标/Indicator	范围/Range	$\bar{x}$±S	范围/Range	$\bar{x}$±S	范围/Range	$\bar{x}$±S	方差分析/ One-Way ANOVA	多重比较/ Multiple Comparison
体质量/ m_bd(kg)	43.0-93.3	64.5±10.4	43.0-100.0	65.2±9.8	43.6-84.5	60.4±10.2	7.47**	bc
身高/ h (mm)	1449.0-1775.0	1606.6±72.2	1483.0-1793.0	1632.3±60.3	1456.0-1802.0	1604.4±75.3	8.13**	ac
体脂率/ p_bf	9.9%-38.9%	24.8%±5.2%	2.0%-44.2%	23.5%±5.9%	5.7%-43.9%	17.1%±7.7%	39.70**	bc
总肌肉量/ m_tb(kg)	34.0-64.3	46.1±6.1	20.1-66.6	47.4±6.1	10.5-67.5	46.2±8.1	1.92	-
推定骨量/ m_eb(kg)	1.9-3.5	2.6±0.3	1.9-3.6	2.6±0.3	2.0-3.7	2.6±0.3	1.82	-
体质量指数/ I_bm (kg/ m²)	18.0-39.9	25.5±3.8	17.0-36.3	24.9±3.4	18.7-30.9	23.4±2.9	8.37*	bc
热量/ t_em(kcal)	1430.0-2887.0	2019.8±295.4	1399.0-3544.0	2091.4±288.2	1524.0-4017.0	2236.3±459.6	9.12**	bc
水分率/ p_bw	37.9%-66.4%	51.9%±4.5%	22.8%-76.5%	52.6%±5.8%	45.1%-71.4%	58.5%±5.7%	38.96**	bc
内脏脂肪等级/ l_vf	2.0-21.0	12.9±3.9	1.0-21.0	12.1±4.1	1.0-17.0	8.9±5.0	21.25**	bc
右上肢脂肪率 /p_ru	9.0%-36.0%	18.7%±4.3%	1.0%-35.3%	17.4%±4.6%	1.0%-42.4%	13.1%±6.9%	29.06**	bc
右上肢肌肉量/ m_ru(kg)	1.5-3.7	2.4±0.4	1.6-8.3	2.6±0.7	1.8-4.3	2.6±0.5	2.75	a
左上肢脂肪率/ p_lu	9.4%-37.3%	19.1%±4.2%	1.0%-36.4%	18.1%±4.4%	2.6%-43.4%	14.0%±6.9%	25.82**	bc
左上肢肌肉量/ m_lu(kg)	1.5-3.4	2.2±0.4	1.1-8.5	2.4±0.7	1.8-8.1	2.5±0.7	3.24*	b
右下肢脂肪率/ p_rl	11.9%-39.3%	22.9%±4.7%	7.7%-37.8%	22.2%±4.7%	3.1%-42.9%	17.3%±7.5%	28.81**	bc
右下肢肌肉量/ m_rl(kg)	5.5-12.6	8.4±1.4	4.7-13.4	8.7±1.3	5.9-13.8	8.9±1.4	3.31*	b
左下肢脂肪率/ p_ll	11.9%-39.2%	23.0%±4.6%	6.0%-38.0%	22.0%±4.6%	3.9%-42.6%	17.3%±7.4%	28.87**	bc
左下肢肌肉量/ m_ll(kg)	5.6-12.3	8.3±1.3	4.9-13.2	8.6±1.3	6.2-13.5	8.9±1.4	3.75*	ab
躯干脂肪率/ p_tf	8.5%-39.1%	26.9%±6.2%	5.0%-60.8%	25.5%±7.3%	5.0%-44.7%	17.7%±8.5%	41.20**	bc
躯干肌肉量/ m_tm(kg)	19.7-32.4	24.9±2.8	14.1-39.7	25.5±3.1	17.6-52.9	24.7±4.6	1.98	-

指标/Indicator	湖南/Hunan		湖北/Hubei		贵州/Guizhou		方差分析/ One-Way ANOVA	多重比较/ Multiple Comparison
指标/Indicator	范围/Range	$\bar{x}$±S	范围/Range	$\bar{x}$±S	范围/Range	$\bar{x}$±S	方差分析/ One-Way ANOVA	多重比较/ Multiple Comparison
体质量/ m_bd(kg)	36.0-81.6	55.7±10.0^ΔΔ	36.0-81.0	55.7±8.5^ΔΔ	38.0-79.6	54.1±8.7^ΔΔ	1.29	-
身高 /h(mm)	1364.0-1593.0	1487.8±51.6^ΔΔ	1330.0-1695.0	1528.0±55.1^ΔΔ	1370.0-1610.0	1510.2±52.1^ΔΔ	25.42^**	abc
体脂率 /p_bf(%)	13.3-50.8	36.2±7.1^ΔΔ	10.4-51.4	34.6±6.1^ΔΔ	14.6-46.6	31.8±6.4^ΔΔ	12.49^**	abc
总肌肉量 /m_tb(kg)	21.9-52.1	33.6±4.4^ΔΔ	26.6-47.5	34.6±3.4^ΔΔ	26.4-41.2	34.4±3.1^ΔΔ	3.66^*	a
推定骨量 /m_eb(kg)	0.9-16.0	2.0±1.3^ΔΔ	1.3-2.9	2.0±0.3^ΔΔ	1.3-8.4	2.1±0.7^ΔΔ	0.35	-
体质量指数 /I_bm (kg/ m²)	17.5-36.1	25.4±4.1	15.2-36.9	24.2±3.4^Δ	18.7-34.1	23.7±3.3	7.18^*	ab
热量/ t_em(kcal)	1047.0-3368.0	1616.5±282.6^ΔΔ	1185.0-2173.0	1640.4±173.9^ΔΔ	1228.0-2387.0	1673.2±250.4^ΔΔ	1.76	-
水分率/ p_bw(%)	33.6-55.6	46.4±4.1^ΔΔ	4.0-59.3	46.8±5.7^ΔΔ	10.9-60.6	49.7±5.7^ΔΔ	12.00^**	bc
内脏脂肪等级/ l_vf	1.0-20.0	7.9±3.1^ΔΔ	1.0-18.0	6.7±2.6^ΔΔ	2.0-11.0	6.0±2.3^ΔΔ	13.65^**	abc
右上肢脂肪率/ p_ru(%)	13.0-48.9	32.3±7.5^ΔΔ	9.2-51.1	30.7±6.8^ΔΔ	8.0-47.8	28.3±7.5^ΔΔ	8.29^**	abc
右上肢肌肉量/ m_ru(kg)	1.0-2.6	1.6±0.3^ΔΔ	1.2-24.0	1.8±1.6^ΔΔ	1.1-2.3	1.7±0.2^ΔΔ	0.80	-
左上肢脂肪率/ p_lu(%)	12.8-50.2	33.7±7.4^ΔΔ	3.8-51.9	31.9±6.8^ΔΔ	6.0-49.1	29.2±7.8^ΔΔ	10.73^**	abc
左上肢肌肉量/ m_lu(kg)	1.0-2.4	1.5±0.3^ΔΔ	0.9-2.8	1.5±0.3^ΔΔ	1.0-3.1	1.6±0.3^ΔΔ	5.71^**	ab
右下肢脂肪率/ p_rl(%)	14.5-47.3	35.9±5.9^ΔΔ	11.4-48.0	35.4±4.9^ΔΔ	20.4-45.8	34.2±4.9^ΔΔ	3.08^*	b
右下肢肌肉量/ m_rl(kg)	1.6-9.5	5.9±0.9^ΔΔ	1.1-8.7	6.0±0.8^ΔΔ	4.7-8.9	6.2±0.8^ΔΔ	2.99	b
左下肢脂肪率/ p_ll(%)	15.6-46.7	35.9±5.5^ΔΔ	10.9-47.6	35.2±4.8^ΔΔ	19.9-45.6	34.4±4.6^ΔΔ	2.65	b
左下肢肌肉量/ m_ll(kg)	4.6-9.6	5.8±0.8^ΔΔ	4.3-10.3	5.9±0.7^ΔΔ	4.6-8.4	6.1±0.8^ΔΔ	3.62^*	bc
躯干脂肪率/ p_tf(%)	16.0-61.0	37.6±8.4^ΔΔ	10.1-62.1	34.6±7.7^ΔΔ	10.0-46.8	30.4±8.0^ΔΔ	21.76^**	abc
躯干肌肉量/ m_tm(kg)	8.3-43.7	18.6±3.5^ΔΔ	1.8-35.7	19.7±3.1^ΔΔ	14.7-24.8	19.0±2.0^ΔΔ	4.41^*	a

指标/Indicator	湖南/Hunan		湖北/Hubei		贵州/Guizhou		方差分析/ One-Way ANOVA	多重比较/ Multiple Comparison
指标/Indicator	范围/Range	$\bar{x}$±S	范围/Range	$\bar{x}$±S	范围/Range	$\bar{x}$±S	方差分析/ One-Way ANOVA	多重比较/ Multiple Comparison
体质量/ m_bd(kg)	36.0-81.6	55.7±10.0^ΔΔ	36.0-81.0	55.7±8.5^ΔΔ	38.0-79.6	54.1±8.7^ΔΔ	1.29	-
身高 /h(mm)	1364.0-1593.0	1487.8±51.6^ΔΔ	1330.0-1695.0	1528.0±55.1^ΔΔ	1370.0-1610.0	1510.2±52.1^ΔΔ	25.42^**	abc
体脂率 /p_bf(%)	13.3-50.8	36.2±7.1^ΔΔ	10.4-51.4	34.6±6.1^ΔΔ	14.6-46.6	31.8±6.4^ΔΔ	12.49^**	abc
总肌肉量 /m_tb(kg)	21.9-52.1	33.6±4.4^ΔΔ	26.6-47.5	34.6±3.4^ΔΔ	26.4-41.2	34.4±3.1^ΔΔ	3.66^*	a
推定骨量 /m_eb(kg)	0.9-16.0	2.0±1.3^ΔΔ	1.3-2.9	2.0±0.3^ΔΔ	1.3-8.4	2.1±0.7^ΔΔ	0.35	-
体质量指数 /I_bm (kg/ m²)	17.5-36.1	25.4±4.1	15.2-36.9	24.2±3.4^Δ	18.7-34.1	23.7±3.3	7.18^*	ab
热量/ t_em(kcal)	1047.0-3368.0	1616.5±282.6^ΔΔ	1185.0-2173.0	1640.4±173.9^ΔΔ	1228.0-2387.0	1673.2±250.4^ΔΔ	1.76	-
水分率/ p_bw(%)	33.6-55.6	46.4±4.1^ΔΔ	4.0-59.3	46.8±5.7^ΔΔ	10.9-60.6	49.7±5.7^ΔΔ	12.00^**	bc
内脏脂肪等级/ l_vf	1.0-20.0	7.9±3.1^ΔΔ	1.0-18.0	6.7±2.6^ΔΔ	2.0-11.0	6.0±2.3^ΔΔ	13.65^**	abc
右上肢脂肪率/ p_ru(%)	13.0-48.9	32.3±7.5^ΔΔ	9.2-51.1	30.7±6.8^ΔΔ	8.0-47.8	28.3±7.5^ΔΔ	8.29^**	abc
右上肢肌肉量/ m_ru(kg)	1.0-2.6	1.6±0.3^ΔΔ	1.2-24.0	1.8±1.6^ΔΔ	1.1-2.3	1.7±0.2^ΔΔ	0.80	-
左上肢脂肪率/ p_lu(%)	12.8-50.2	33.7±7.4^ΔΔ	3.8-51.9	31.9±6.8^ΔΔ	6.0-49.1	29.2±7.8^ΔΔ	10.73^**	abc
左上肢肌肉量/ m_lu(kg)	1.0-2.4	1.5±0.3^ΔΔ	0.9-2.8	1.5±0.3^ΔΔ	1.0-3.1	1.6±0.3^ΔΔ	5.71^**	ab
右下肢脂肪率/ p_rl(%)	14.5-47.3	35.9±5.9^ΔΔ	11.4-48.0	35.4±4.9^ΔΔ	20.4-45.8	34.2±4.9^ΔΔ	3.08^*	b
右下肢肌肉量/ m_rl(kg)	1.6-9.5	5.9±0.9^ΔΔ	1.1-8.7	6.0±0.8^ΔΔ	4.7-8.9	6.2±0.8^ΔΔ	2.99	b
左下肢脂肪率/ p_ll(%)	15.6-46.7	35.9±5.5^ΔΔ	10.9-47.6	35.2±4.8^ΔΔ	19.9-45.6	34.4±4.6^ΔΔ	2.65	b
左下肢肌肉量/ m_ll(kg)	4.6-9.6	5.8±0.8^ΔΔ	4.3-10.3	5.9±0.7^ΔΔ	4.6-8.4	6.1±0.8^ΔΔ	3.62^*	bc
躯干脂肪率/ p_tf(%)	16.0-61.0	37.6±8.4^ΔΔ	10.1-62.1	34.6±7.7^ΔΔ	10.0-46.8	30.4±8.0^ΔΔ	21.76^**	abc
躯干肌肉量/ m_tm(kg)	8.3-43.7	18.6±3.5^ΔΔ	1.8-35.7	19.7±3.1^ΔΔ	14.7-24.8	19.0±2.0^ΔΔ	4.41^*	a

指标/Indictor	男性/Male						女性/Female
	湖南 /Hunan		湖北/Hubei		贵州/Guizhou		湖南/Hunan		湖北Hubei		贵州Guizhou
	人数/n	出现率/p	人数/n	出现率/p	人数/n	出现率/p	人数/n	出现率/p	人数/n	出现率/p	人数/n	出现率/p
I_bm≤18.5	1	1.3%	7	2.8%	0	0	2	1.7%	13	3.8%	0	0
18.5< I_bm<24.0	28	37.8%	92	36.4%	50	62.5%	45	37.5%	158	46.3%	49	57.6%
24.0≤ I_bm<28.0	27	36.5%	114	45.1%	22	27.5%	44	36.7%	122	35.8%	28	32.9%
I_bm≥28	18	24.3%	40	15.8%	8	10.0%	29	24.2%	48	14.1%	8	9.4%