Abstract: A total number of 201 unrelated individuals of the Dong nationality in Guangxi are examined for the distribution of ABO, MNSs, Rhesus. Duffy, Kidd, P, Diego, Lewis and Xg blood group systems and ability of ABH secretion. The results show that the gene frequencies fo r (0.63), m(0.63), Fy* (0.97), Jk*(0,46) and CDe(0.75) are rather high. On the contrary, low gene frequencies of q(0.17), Pi(0.13) and Le*(0.32) and very low gene frequency of S(0.01) are observed. Xga gene Trequency (0.37) is as low as that of the Han and Uygur nationalities. Among the individuals of Le(a+) phenotype, only eight ABH sec refers are found, who secret either A or B substance but no H substance.
The genetic distances between Dong and five other nationalities show that the Dong nationality is genetically closest to Zhuang nationality, and also close to Han, Mongol and Korean nationalities, but has the largetst distance with Uygur nationality.

Key words: Human population geneties; Dong nationality; Blood group; Gene frequency; Genetic distance