Abstract: The study of “Keriyan” living in the center of the Taklamakan desert of Xinjiang was carried out in 1958. Their ethnic attribution has not yet been decided. The distribution of ABO blood group systems was investigated on 93 individuals whose parents and grandparents are “Keriyan” too. The results showed that the gene frequencies for ABO blood group are r =0. 6095, p =0. 1886, q = 0. 2019. The χ2 test according to Hardy-Weinberg law is good. The gene frequecies of “Keriyan” for ABO blood group are concordant with theose of Uygur 、Kazak and Mongolian too.

Key words: “Keriyan”; ABO blood group systems; Gene frequency