Abstract: The author researched the dental morphological traits of Neolithic human skeletons from Jiangjialiang, Yangyuan in Hebei Province, China, using the method based on the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System and multivariate analysis of Mean Measure of Divergence (MMD). The author found dental morphology of Jiangjialiang skeletons belonged to the Sinodontic type. And yet, there are some unique traits, such as the great appearance of shoveling in the UI 1 and UP 1 1root. The frequencies of occurrence of some traits such as UI 1 shoveling, UI 1 double shoveling, and LM 1 deflect wrinkle are also very high. The author found that the northeastern Asian groups have a distant morphological distance compared to southeastern Asian groups. In terms of dental morphological traits, Jiangjialiang people have a closer relationship with Miaozigou people than with the Xiawanggang people. As we have known, the Jiangjialiang and Miaozigou people also have similar skull traits, but more research needs to be conducted on dental traits to confirm this association.

Key words: Tooth; Morphological traits; Race; Neolithic age; Yangyuan; Jiangjialiang