Abstract: During more than 99% of human evolutionary history, human beings had uniquely foraged wild food and totally depended upon resources growing in nature. A tremendous body of new research in the ecology, biology, and society of the past plus work on recent hunter- gatherers has been published since 1970s, all of which help archaeologists to observe past processes of human behavior. Incorporated with data of ethnographic hunter-gatherers, hunter- gatherer foraging models are helpful to interpret human behaviors of lithic tool production, social organization, etc. The meaning of this paper lies in a summary and history of foraging models used in archaeology. This paper presents a theoretical prediction and explanation of ancient human behavior in Chinese Paleolithic archaeology.

Key words: Paleolithic archaeology; Hunter-gatherers; Foraging model; Human behavior