Abstract: Four genetic characteristics of thumb type, palmar digital formula, fingernail type and plantar digital formula of 160 Mongolian college students (66 males, 94 females) from Kamika, Mongolia were measured. The results are as follows, 1) Frequencies of the straight thumb, longer and ring finger, long-shaped fingernail, squat-shaped, big toes and flat-shaped are 44.38%, 78.13%, 58.75%, 6.88%, 34.38% and 35.00%, respectively. 2) There are significant sexual differences in the frequency of the palmar digital formula, however there is no significant difference between each of two characteristics. 3) Compared with Mongolian groups from China, it is concluded that the Khalkha Mongolian has significant differences in four characteristics of thumb type, palmar digital formula, fingernail type and plantar digital formula.

Key words: Thumb type; Palmar digital formula; Fingernail type; Plantar digital formula