Abstract: Blood samples were collected from 1118 male individuals of Kong clans in the Qufu Prefecture of Shandong Province. Seventeen Y- chromosomal short tandem repeats (STR) loci were amplified in one tube by using the AmpFLSTR? Y-filerTM PCR Amplification Kit for each person, and then the frequency of alleles and genotypes of group was obtained. The results show that, except DYS385a/b locus was detected 51 haplotypes, the rest loci were detected from 4 to 11 alleles, the allele frequency distribute from 0.0009 to 0.8265. Totally, 206 haplotypes were detected in the YH haplotype system consisting of 17 loci. According to the Y-STR haplotypes, we inferred the Y-SNP haplogroups. We found three high frequency haplogroups among the Kong clans, i.e., C3, Q1a1, and O3. Both C3 and Q1a1 exhibited a mono-ancestor diffusion structure, indicating that either of them may be the haplogroup of Confucius. By investigating the 17 Y- STR loci among the Kong clans from Qufu Prefecture, we recorded the basic date of Kongpopulation.

Key words: Population Genetics; Kong surname; QufuPrefecture; Y chromosomal short tandem repeat