Starch grain analysis of the grooved basin from the Lingjiatan site, Hanshan county, Anhui Province

doi:10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2018.0036

Abstract

Abstract:

The function of the grooved basin in the Neolithic Period in China is diverse, and starch grain analysis provides important information. In this study, 18 potsherds, excavated at Lingjiatan Site(5500~5300BP) in Anhui Province, were examined for starch grain analysis. The results show that ancient starch grains mainly came from Coix lacryma-jobi L., unidentified Poaceae and Triticeae tribe, followed by Quercus L., other root and tuber plants; the starch grains of Vigna sp., Dioscorea opposita Thunb. and Nelumbo nucifera. were also found. Thus, the ancient people gathered multiple plant foods that were available in their environment. Furthermore, a large number of broken and gelatinized damaged starch grains show that these special potteries were used to grind and cook plants. The statistical results further indicate that the subsistence did not change significantly in different period. However, the ancient people had consciously reduced the consumption of Coix lacryma-jobi L. and unidentified Poaceae, but they gradually increased the exploitation of Triticeae tribe, Quercus L., Vigna sp. and root and tuber plants. The analysis of processed starch grains show that the plant processing method was mainly by grinding/pounding and sometimes by cooking. This reflects a lack of change in the function of these grooved basins over time.

Key words: starch grain, Lingjiatan site, grooved basin, economy formation, processing method, pottery function

CLC Number:

Q914.2 ⁺²

SUN Qingli, SHUO Zhi, WU Yan, YANG Yimin. Starch grain analysis of the grooved basin from the Lingjiatan site, Hanshan county, Anhui Province[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2019, 38(01): 132-147.

Figures/Tables 10

References 57

[1]	朔知. 从凌家滩文化看中国文明的起源[J]. 安徽史学, 2000(3):12-l5
[2]	张敬国. 安徽含山县凌家滩遗址第三次发掘简报[J]. 考古, 1999,11:000
[3]	张敬国. 凌家滩文化研究[M]. 北京: 文物出版社, 2006. 1-186
[4]	徐峰. 史前江淮地区的生态环境与生业经济[J]. 中国农史, 2013(2):9-16
[5]	杨晓燕, 吕厚远, 夏正楷. 植物淀粉粒分析在考古学中的应用[J]. 考古与文物, 2006(3):87-91
[6]	Torrence R, Barton H. Ancient starch research[M]. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press, 2006: 1-256
[7]	Reichert ET. Differentiation and specificity of starches in relation to genera, species, etc[M]. Washington: Carnegie Institute, 1913. 1-900
[8]	方梦霞, 陈虹. 淀粉粒分析在石制品功能研究中的应用与思考[J]. 草原文物, 2015,2:014
[9]	Haslam M. The decomposition of starch grains in soils: implications for archaeological residue analyses[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science, 2004,31(12):1715-1734 doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2004.05.006 URL
[10]	Henry AG, Brooks AS, Piperno DR. Microfossils in calculus demonstrate consumption of plants and cooked foods in Neanderthal diets (Shanidar III, Iraq; Spy I and II, Belgium)[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2011,108(2):486-491 doi: 10.1073/pnas.1016868108 URL
[11]	Loy TH, Spriggs M, Wickler S. Direct evidence for human use of plants 28, 000 years ago: Starch residues on stone artefacts from the northern Solomon Islands[J]. Antiquity, 1992,66(253):898-912 doi: 10.1017/S0003598X00044811 URL
[12]	Liu L, Field J, Fullagar R, et al. What did grinding stones grind? New light on Early Neolithic subsistence economy in the Middle Yellow River Valley, China[J]. Antiquity, 2010,84(325):816-833 doi: 10.1017/S0003598X00100249 URL
[13]	Piperno DR, Ranere AJ, Holst I, et al. Starch grain and phytolith evidence for early ninth millennium BP maize from the Central Balsas River Valley, Mexico[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009,106(13):5019-5024 doi: 10.1073/pnas.0812525106 URL
[14]	Dickau R, Ranere AJ, Cooke RG. Starch grain evidence for the preceramic dispersals of maize and root crops into tropical dry and humid forests of Panama[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2007,104(9):3651-3656 doi: 10.1073/pnas.0611605104 URL
[15]	Piperno DR, Ranere AJ, Holst I, et al. Starch grains reveal early root crop horticulture in the Panamanian tropical forest[J]. Nature, 2000,407(6806):894-897 doi: 10.1038/35038055 URL pmid: 11057665
[16]	Messner TC, Schindler B. Plant processing strategies and their affect upon starch grain survival when rendering Peltandra virginica(L.)Kunth, Araceae edible[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science, 2010,37(2):328-336 doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2009.09.044 URL
[17]	Perry L. Starch analyses reveal the relationship between tool type and function: an example from the Orinoco valley of Venezuela[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science, 2004,31(8):1069-1081 doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2004.01.002 URL
[18]	Barton H. Starch residues on museum artefacts: Implications for determining tool use[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science, 2007,34(10):1752-1762 doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2007.01.007 URL
[19]	Liu L, Duncan NA, Chen X, et al. Changing patterns of plant-based food production during the Neolithic and early Bronze Age in central-south Inner Mongolia, China: An interdisciplinary approach[J]. Quaternary International, 2016,419:36-53 doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2015.02.002 URL
[20]	刘莉, 玖迪丝, 菲尔德, 等. 全新世早期中国长江下游地区橡子和水稻的开发利用[J]. 人类学学报, 2010(3):317-336
[21]	Lentfer C, Therin M, Torrence R. Starch grains and environmental reconstruction: A modern test case from West New Britain, Papua New Guinea[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science, 2002,29(7):687-698 doi: 10.1006/jasc.2001.0783 URL
[22]	朔知, 陈小春, 刘松林. 安徽含山县韦岗遗址新石器时代遗存发掘简报[J]. 考古, 2015,3:4
[23]	丁兰兰. 黄河中游史前刻槽盆研究[D]. 西安:西北大学, 2006
[24]	宋豫秦. 擂钵的功用[J]. 华夏考古, 1993(1):82-83
[25]	安家瑗. 擂钵小议[J]. 考古, 1986(4):344-347
[26]	陶大卫, 杨益民, 黄卫东, 等. 雕龙碑遗址出土器物残留淀粉粒分析[J]. 考古, 2009(9):92-96
[27]	王心源, 吴立, 吴学泽, 等. 巢湖凌家滩遗址古人类活动的地理环境特征[J]. 地理研究, 2009,28(5):1208-1216
[28]	张广胜. 安徽江淮流域典型遗址揭示的新石器时代人地关系特征[D]. 南京:南京大学, 2010
[29]	安徽省文物考古研究所. 凌家滩——田野考古发掘报告之一[M]. 北京: 文物出版社, 2006: 1-278
[30]	张敬国. 安徽含山凌家滩新石器时代墓地发掘简报[J]. 文物, 1989 (4):1-9
[31]	张敬国. 安徽含山县凌家滩遗址第三次发掘简报[J]. 考古, 1999,11:000
[32]	张敬国. 安徽含山县凌家滩遗址第五次发掘的新发现[J]. 考古, 2008,3:003
[33]	葛威, 刘莉, 金正耀. 几种禾本科植物淀粉粒形态比较及其考古学意义[J]. 第四纪研究, 2010(2):377-384
[34]	葛威. 淀粉粒分析在考古学中的应用[D]. 合肥:中国科学技术大学, 2010
[35]	王强, 贾鑫, 李明启, 等. 中国常见食用豆类淀粉粒形态分析及其在农业考古中的应用[J]. 文物春秋, 2013(3):3-11
[36]	万智巍, 杨晓燕, 葛全胜, 等. 中国南方现代块根块茎类植物淀粉粒形态分析[J]. 第四纪研究, 2011,31(4):736-745
[37]	杨晓燕, 孔昭宸, 刘长江, 等. 中国北方主要坚果类淀粉粒形态对比[J]. 第四纪研究, 2009,29(1):153-158
[38]	米景森. 几种食用及药用植物所含淀粉形态的研究[J]. 药学学报, 1955,1:012
[39]	游修龄. 玉米传入中国和亚洲的时间途径及其起源问题[J]. 古今农业, 1989 ( 2):1-10
[40]	刘莉, 盖瑞, 李炅娥, 等. 郑州大河村遗址仰韶文化 “高粱” 遗存的再研究[J]. 考古, 2012 (1):91-96
[41]	Liu L, Ma S, Cui J. Identification of starch granules using a two-step identification method[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science, 2014,52:421-427 doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2014.09.008 URL
[42]	Henry AG, Hudson HF, Piperno DR. Changes in starch grain morphologies from cooking[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science, 2009,36(3):915-922 doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2008.11.008 URL
[43]	Gong Y, Yang Y, Ferguson DK, et al. Investigation of ancient noodles, cakes, and millet at the Subeixi Site, Xinjiang, China[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science, 2011,38(2):470-479 doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2010.10.006 URL
[44]	Ge W. Chemical Analysis of Starch-Like Mineral Crystals to Eliminate Misidentification in Ancient Residue Research[J]. Archaeometry, 2013,55(6):1122-1131 doi: 10.1111/arcm.12000 URL
[45]	杨晓燕, 蒋乐平. 淀粉粒分析揭示浙江跨湖桥遗址人类的食物构成[J]. 科学通报, 2010(7):596-602
[46]	万智巍, 杨晓燕, 葛全胜, 等. 淀粉粒分析揭示的赣江中游地区新石器晚期人类对植物的利用情况[J]. 中国科学:地球科学, 2012,42(10):1582-1589
[47]	张永辉. 裴李岗文化植物类食物加工工具表面淀粉粒研究[J] //中国科学技术大学硕士学位论文集, 2011
[48]	Liu L, Ge W, Bestel S, et al. Plant exploitation of the last foragers at Shizitan in the Middle Yellow River Valley China: evidence from grinding stones[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science, 2011,38(12):3524-3532 doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2011.08.015 URL
[49]	吴文婉. 辽宁阜新查海遗址生业经济初步分析:来自石器淀粉粒分析结果的指示[J]. 农业考古, 2015,3:003
[50]	吴文婉, 杨晓燕, 靳桂云. 淀粉粒分析在考古学中的应用——以月庄等遗址为例[J]. 东方考古, 2011: 033
[51]	董珍, 张居中, 杨玉璋, 等. 安徽濉溪石山子遗址古人类植物性食物资源利用情况的淀粉粒分析[J]. 第四纪研究, 2014,34(1):114-125 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7410.2014.14 URL
[52]	杨玉璋, 禤华丽, 袁增箭, 等. 安徽繁昌缪墩遗址古人类植物性食物资源利用的淀粉粒分析[J]. 第四纪研究, 2016,36(6):1466-1474 doi: 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2016.06.12 URL
[53]	罗武宏, 张居中, 杨玉璋, 等. 安徽巢湖更新世末——全新世中期环境演变的湖泊沉积植硅体记录[J]. 微体古生物学报, 2015,1:005
[54]	范斌, 许世远, 俞立中, 等. 巢湖沉积植硅体组合及中全新世以来的环境演变[J]. 湖泊科学, 2006,18(3):273-279
[55]	安徽省文物考古研究所. 凌家滩——田野考古发掘报告之一[M]. 北京: 文物出版社, 2006: 278-281
[56]	Yao L, Yang Y, Sun Y, et al. Early Neolithic human exploitation and processing of plant foods in the Lower Yangtze River, China[J]. Quaternary International, 2016,426:56-64 doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2016.03.009 URL
[57]	刘莉, 石兴邦. 中国史前的碾磨石器,坚果采集,定居及农业起源[J].何炳棣先生九十华诞论文集.西安:三秦出版社, 2008: 105-132

样品编号	提取位置	Ia	Ib	II	IIIa	IIIb	IV	V	VI	VII	VIII	IXa	IXb	IXc	IXd	IXe	IXf	总计
TW48N02(11)a:77	内壁	12	10	12	2	4	1	0	0	0	1	7	0	1	0	1	3	54
TW48N02(11)a:77	外壁	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	4
TW48N02(11)a:78	内壁	8	7	9	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	26
TW48N02(11)a:78	外壁	3	7	5	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	16
TW48N02(11)a:79	内壁	68	60	7	2	2	0	0	0	0	2	19	1	3	0	1	0	165
TW48N02(11)a:79	外壁	15	5	12	0	1	0	2	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	38
TW48N02(9):33	内壁	10	7	7	1	5	0	0	0	0	1	4	0	0	1	4	0	40
TW48N02(9):33	外壁	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	4
TW48N02(9): 44	内壁	0	27	14	4	13	3	0	0	0	0	12	3	2	0	9	1	88
TW48N02(9): 44	外壁	6	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	2	0	0	0	1	5	19
TW48N02(9):45	内壁	7	4	4	2	3	0	3	1	0	3	5	2	1	1	4	0	40
TW48N02(9):45	外壁	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	2	4
TW48N02(9):46	内壁	10	24	10	3	0	0	0	0	0	2	12	2	1	0	2	1	67
TW48N02(9):46	外壁	4	6	5	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	20
TW48N02(9):47	内壁	3	7	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	2	0	1	0	0	17
TW48N02(9):47	外壁	2	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	4
TW48S01(15):53	内壁	13	6	8	2	0	3	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	2	1	36
TW48S01(15):53	外壁	2	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	6
TW48S01(15):54	内壁	12	6	7	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	30
TW48S01(15):54	外壁	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	3
TW48S01(15):55	内壁	5	2	8	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	3	0	0	0	2	1	26
TW48S01(15):55	外壁	2	2	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	10
TW48S01(15):57	内壁	9	8	8	2	2	1	0	0	0	1	8	1	1	2	0	2	45
TW48S01(15):57	外壁	0	2	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	2	0	0	0	0	12
TW48S01(11):29	内壁	3	21	11	2	5	0	0	0	0	3	3	8	2	0	0	7	65
TW48S01(11):29	外壁	4	5	9	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	6	0	0	1	2	30
TW48S01(11):30	内壁	9	5	7	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	2	0	28
TW48S01(11):30	外壁	22	14	16	1	0	0	0	0	0	2	2	7	0	1	1	0	66
TW48S01(11):40	内壁	5	3	3	1	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	18
TW48S01(11):40	外壁	3	5	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	16
TW48S01(11):41	内壁	29	35	28	0	9	2	0	0	0	3	12	3	0	1	6	6	134
TW48S01(11):41	外壁	5	10	11	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	3	0	0	0	35
TW48S01(11):42	内壁	11	13	9	0	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	2	42
TW48S01(11):42	外壁	2	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5
TW48S01(11):43	内壁	4	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	2	0	0	0	0	1	17
TW48S01(11):43	外壁	2	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	7
空白样		0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
总计		291	315	230	60	31	16	8	1	1	29	108	46	16	9	38	38	1237

样品编号	提取位置	Ia	Ib	II	IIIa	IIIb	IV	V	VI	VII	VIII	IXa	IXb	IXc	IXd	IXe	IXf	总计
TW48N02(11)a:77	内壁	12	10	12	2	4	1	0	0	0	1	7	0	1	0	1	3	54
TW48N02(11)a:77	外壁	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	4
TW48N02(11)a:78	内壁	8	7	9	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	26
TW48N02(11)a:78	外壁	3	7	5	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	16
TW48N02(11)a:79	内壁	68	60	7	2	2	0	0	0	0	2	19	1	3	0	1	0	165
TW48N02(11)a:79	外壁	15	5	12	0	1	0	2	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	38
TW48N02(9):33	内壁	10	7	7	1	5	0	0	0	0	1	4	0	0	1	4	0	40
TW48N02(9):33	外壁	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	4
TW48N02(9): 44	内壁	0	27	14	4	13	3	0	0	0	0	12	3	2	0	9	1	88
TW48N02(9): 44	外壁	6	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	2	0	0	0	1	5	19
TW48N02(9):45	内壁	7	4	4	2	3	0	3	1	0	3	5	2	1	1	4	0	40
TW48N02(9):45	外壁	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	2	4
TW48N02(9):46	内壁	10	24	10	3	0	0	0	0	0	2	12	2	1	0	2	1	67
TW48N02(9):46	外壁	4	6	5	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	20
TW48N02(9):47	内壁	3	7	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	2	0	1	0	0	17
TW48N02(9):47	外壁	2	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	4
TW48S01(15):53	内壁	13	6	8	2	0	3	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	2	1	36
TW48S01(15):53	外壁	2	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	6
TW48S01(15):54	内壁	12	6	7	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	30
TW48S01(15):54	外壁	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	3
TW48S01(15):55	内壁	5	2	8	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	3	0	0	0	2	1	26
TW48S01(15):55	外壁	2	2	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	10
TW48S01(15):57	内壁	9	8	8	2	2	1	0	0	0	1	8	1	1	2	0	2	45
TW48S01(15):57	外壁	0	2	3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	2	0	0	0	0	12
TW48S01(11):29	内壁	3	21	11	2	5	0	0	0	0	3	3	8	2	0	0	7	65
TW48S01(11):29	外壁	4	5	9	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	6	0	0	1	2	30
TW48S01(11):30	内壁	9	5	7	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	2	0	28
TW48S01(11):30	外壁	22	14	16	1	0	0	0	0	0	2	2	7	0	1	1	0	66
TW48S01(11):40	内壁	5	3	3	1	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	18
TW48S01(11):40	外壁	3	5	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	16
TW48S01(11):41	内壁	29	35	28	0	9	2	0	0	0	3	12	3	0	1	6	6	134
TW48S01(11):41	外壁	5	10	11	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	3	0	0	0	35
TW48S01(11):42	内壁	11	13	9	0	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	2	42
TW48S01(11):42	外壁	2	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5
TW48S01(11):43	内壁	4	4	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	2	0	0	0	0	1	17
TW48S01(11):43	外壁	2	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	7
空白样		0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
总计		291	315	230	60	31	16	8	1	1	29	108	46	16	9	38	38	1237

样品编号	加工方式	Ia	Ib	II	III	IV	V	VIII	IXa	IXb	IXc	IXd	IXe	IXf	总计
TW48N02(11)a:77	研磨/杵捣	4	2	8	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	19
TW48N02(11)a:77	烹煮	2	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	7
TW48N02(11)a:78	研磨/杵捣	3	3	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13
TW48N02(11)a:78	烹煮	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
TW48N02(11)a:79	研磨/杵捣	16	19	4	0	0	0	1	5	1	1	0	0	0	47
TW48N02(11)a:79	烹煮	8	16	2	2	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	31
TW48N02(9):33	研磨/杵捣	2	1	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	12
TW48N02(9):33	烹煮	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	3
TW48N02(9): 44	研磨/杵捣	0	5	7	2	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	5	0	21
TW48N02(9): 44	烹煮	0	4	3	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	14
TW48N02(9):45	研磨/杵捣	3	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	2	0	9
TW48N02(9):45	烹煮	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	2	0	3
TW48N02(9):46	研磨/杵捣	2	4	3	3	0	0	1	2	0	1	0	2	0	18
TW48N02(9):46	烹煮	1	3	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	7
TW48N02(9):47	研磨/杵捣	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2
TW48N02(9):47	烹煮	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	3
TW48S01(15):53	研磨/杵捣	5	2	4	1	1	3	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	18
TW48S01(15):53	烹煮	1	1	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	6
TW48S01(15):54	研磨/杵捣	1	0	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7
TW48S01(15):54	烹煮	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	7
TW48S01(15):55	研磨/杵捣	1	1	5	0	1	0	0	3	0	0	0	1	1	13
TW48S01(15):55	烹煮	2	1	3	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	9
TW48S01(15):57	研磨/杵捣	4	5	5	3	0	0	0	3	0	1	1	0	0	22
TW48S01(15):57	烹煮	3	1	1	1	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	9
TW48S01(11):29	研磨/杵捣	0	2	5	1	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	4	1	16
TW48S01(11):29	烹煮	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	4
TW48S01(11):30	研磨/杵捣	3	3	6	2	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	15
TW48S01(11):30	烹煮	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
TW48S01(11):40	研磨/杵捣	3	1	2	0	0	2	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	10
TW48S01(11):40	烹煮	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
TW48S01(11):41	研磨/杵捣	17	15	22	5	2	0	2	6	3	0	0	4	3	79
TW48S01(11):41	烹煮	1	11	5	3	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	2	1	26
TW48S01(11):42	研磨/杵捣	4	5	4	3	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	18
TW48S01(11):42	烹煮	2	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	7
TW48S01(11):43	研磨/杵捣	1	2	3	1	0	0	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	10
TW48S01(11):43	烹煮	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1

样品编号	加工方式	Ia	Ib	II	III	IV	V	VIII	IXa	IXb	IXc	IXd	IXe	IXf	总计
TW48N02(11)a:77	研磨/杵捣	4	2	8	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	19
TW48N02(11)a:77	烹煮	2	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	7
TW48N02(11)a:78	研磨/杵捣	3	3	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	13
TW48N02(11)a:78	烹煮	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
TW48N02(11)a:79	研磨/杵捣	16	19	4	0	0	0	1	5	1	1	0	0	0	47
TW48N02(11)a:79	烹煮	8	16	2	2	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	31
TW48N02(9):33	研磨/杵捣	2	1	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	12
TW48N02(9):33	烹煮	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	3
TW48N02(9): 44	研磨/杵捣	0	5	7	2	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	5	0	21
TW48N02(9): 44	烹煮	0	4	3	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	14
TW48N02(9):45	研磨/杵捣	3	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	2	0	9
TW48N02(9):45	烹煮	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	2	0	3
TW48N02(9):46	研磨/杵捣	2	4	3	3	0	0	1	2	0	1	0	2	0	18
TW48N02(9):46	烹煮	1	3	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	7
TW48N02(9):47	研磨/杵捣	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2
TW48N02(9):47	烹煮	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	3
TW48S01(15):53	研磨/杵捣	5	2	4	1	1	3	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	18
TW48S01(15):53	烹煮	1	1	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	6
TW48S01(15):54	研磨/杵捣	1	0	5	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7
TW48S01(15):54	烹煮	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	7
TW48S01(15):55	研磨/杵捣	1	1	5	0	1	0	0	3	0	0	0	1	1	13
TW48S01(15):55	烹煮	2	1	3	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	9
TW48S01(15):57	研磨/杵捣	4	5	5	3	0	0	0	3	0	1	1	0	0	22
TW48S01(15):57	烹煮	3	1	1	1	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	9
TW48S01(11):29	研磨/杵捣	0	2	5	1	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	4	1	16
TW48S01(11):29	烹煮	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	4
TW48S01(11):30	研磨/杵捣	3	3	6	2	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	15
TW48S01(11):30	烹煮	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
TW48S01(11):40	研磨/杵捣	3	1	2	0	0	2	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	10
TW48S01(11):40	烹煮	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
TW48S01(11):41	研磨/杵捣	17	15	22	5	2	0	2	6	3	0	0	4	3	79
TW48S01(11):41	烹煮	1	11	5	3	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	2	1	26
TW48S01(11):42	研磨/杵捣	4	5	4	3	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	18
TW48S01(11):42	烹煮	2	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	7
TW48S01(11):43	研磨/杵捣	1	2	3	1	0	0	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	10
TW48S01(11):43	烹煮	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1