Influence of dopamine D3 receptor gene polymorphism on body composition in twins

doi:10.16359/j.1000-3193/AAS.2021.0028

Abstract

Abstract:

Balanced body composition plays an important role in maintaining the health of the body. Body composition is affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Dopamine is involved in the regulation of food intake, movement and cognition, dopamine D3 receptor (DRD3) plays a key regulatory role in dopamine pathway, and then plays a role in feeding function, thus may affect body composition. In order to understand the influence of genetic and environmental factors on body composition of twins, and to explore the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of DRD3 gene and body composition, the triceps skinfold (d₁), subscapular skinfold (d₂) and suprailiac skinfold (d₃) and body mass(m) were measured in 160 pairs of twins aged 4-12 years, d₄(d₁+d₂), d₅(d₂/d₁), body fat percentage(P_f), lean body mass(m_l) were calculated. The whole genome DNA was extracted from oral swab. The zygosity was determined by Amp FISTER SinofilerPlus kit. Four SNPs of DRD3 gene were detected by SNapshot technique. The heritability of each index was estimated by Mx software. The association between SNP of DRD3 gene and each index was analyzed by generalized estimating equation (GEE) model. After adjusting for the age effect, except for some indexes (d₃, m_l), the heritability of boys and girls in preschool is generally low, the heritability of some indexes (d₂, d₄, P_f, m_l) showed some gender differences. There were association between d₂ and rs32409, rs226082 (P<0.05), between d₃ and rs2134655, rs226082 (P<0.05), between d₅ and rs2134655, rs167771 (P<0.05), between P_fand rs226082, rs167771 (P<0.05), between m_l and rs2134655, rs226082 and rs167771(P<0.05) respectively. The results showed that both genetic and environmental factors affected the body composition development of children, but there may be some developmental stages and gender differences in genetic effects. SNPs of DRD3 gene may be related to body composition of children.

Key words: Twins, Dopamine D3 receptor gene, Single nucleotide polymorphism, Heritability, Body composition

CLC Number:

Q984

LIU Xiaomin, DALAI Wuyun, LI Yuling. Influence of dopamine D3 receptor gene polymorphism on body composition in twins[J]. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 2022, 41(02): 274-281.

Figures/Tables 2

References 26

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指标 Variable	模型 Model	年龄 Age	女Female					男Male					C_ai	χ²	P
指标 Variable	模型 Model	年龄 Age	E_a	E_c	E_e	E_s	h	E_a	E_c	E_e	E_s	h	C_ai	χ²	P
d₁	IV	4-6	0.23	0.50	0.15	0.12	0.27	0.43	0.35	0.22	0.00	0.43	-20.40	11.60	0.77
	IV	7-12	0.62	0.20	0.14	0.05	0.65	0.60	0.15	0.20	0.05	0.63	-21.86	10.13	0.86
d₂	IV	4-6	0.30	0.57	0.12	0.01	0.30	0.47	0.38	0.12	0.04	0.49	-20.45	11.55	0.78
	IV	7-12	0.21	0.35	0.21	0.23	0.27	0.49	0.29	0.07	0.15	0.57	-23.82	8.18	0.94
d₃	IV	4-6	0.37	0.47	0.09	0.06	0.40	0.42	0.41	0.16	0.01	0.42	-14.87	17.14	0.38
	IV	7-12	0.22	0.42	0.15	0.21	0.28	0.40	0.34	0.13	0.13	0.46	-14.53	17.47	0.36
d₄	IV	4-6	0.19	0.60	0.13	0.08	0.21	0.49	0.36	0.14	0.01	0.50	-19.72	12.28	0.72
	IV	7-12	0.39	0.30	0.16	0.15	0.45	0.58	0.23	0.09	0.10	0.65	-23.67	8.33	0.94
d₅	IV	4-6	0.26	0.51	0.17	0.07	0.28	0.16	0.51	0.28	0.05	0.17	-13.33	18.67	0.29
	IV	7-12	0.22	0.30	0.31	0.17	0.27	0.16	0.34	0.41	0.09	0.17	-19.38	12.61	0.70
P_f	IV	4-6	0.18	0.61	0.15	0.07	0.19	0.64	0.24	0.11	0.01	0.65	-17.81	14.19	0.59
	IV	7-12	0.45	0.32	0.17	0.06	0.48	0.63	0.17	0.09	0.11	0.71	-20.15	11.85	0.75
m_l	IV	4-6	0.70	0.00	0.06	0.24	0.92	0.56	0.00	0.06	0.38	0.91	-13.61	18.39	0.30
	IV	7-12	0.15	0.14	0.11	0.59	0.37	0.34	0.14	0.03	0.49	0.66	-15.46	16.55	0.42

指标 Variable	模型 Model	年龄 Age	女Female					男Male					C_ai	χ²	P
指标 Variable	模型 Model	年龄 Age	E_a	E_c	E_e	E_s	h	E_a	E_c	E_e	E_s	h	C_ai	χ²	P
d₁	IV	4-6	0.23	0.50	0.15	0.12	0.27	0.43	0.35	0.22	0.00	0.43	-20.40	11.60	0.77
	IV	7-12	0.62	0.20	0.14	0.05	0.65	0.60	0.15	0.20	0.05	0.63	-21.86	10.13	0.86
d₂	IV	4-6	0.30	0.57	0.12	0.01	0.30	0.47	0.38	0.12	0.04	0.49	-20.45	11.55	0.78
	IV	7-12	0.21	0.35	0.21	0.23	0.27	0.49	0.29	0.07	0.15	0.57	-23.82	8.18	0.94
d₃	IV	4-6	0.37	0.47	0.09	0.06	0.40	0.42	0.41	0.16	0.01	0.42	-14.87	17.14	0.38
	IV	7-12	0.22	0.42	0.15	0.21	0.28	0.40	0.34	0.13	0.13	0.46	-14.53	17.47	0.36
d₄	IV	4-6	0.19	0.60	0.13	0.08	0.21	0.49	0.36	0.14	0.01	0.50	-19.72	12.28	0.72
	IV	7-12	0.39	0.30	0.16	0.15	0.45	0.58	0.23	0.09	0.10	0.65	-23.67	8.33	0.94
d₅	IV	4-6	0.26	0.51	0.17	0.07	0.28	0.16	0.51	0.28	0.05	0.17	-13.33	18.67	0.29
	IV	7-12	0.22	0.30	0.31	0.17	0.27	0.16	0.34	0.41	0.09	0.17	-19.38	12.61	0.70
P_f	IV	4-6	0.18	0.61	0.15	0.07	0.19	0.64	0.24	0.11	0.01	0.65	-17.81	14.19	0.59
	IV	7-12	0.45	0.32	0.17	0.06	0.48	0.63	0.17	0.09	0.11	0.71	-20.15	11.85	0.75
m_l	IV	4-6	0.70	0.00	0.06	0.24	0.92	0.56	0.00	0.06	0.38	0.91	-13.61	18.39	0.30
	IV	7-12	0.15	0.14	0.11	0.59	0.37	0.34	0.14	0.03	0.49	0.66	-15.46	16.55	0.42

指标Variable	DRD3		±σ	B	σ_s	95% Confidence Interval		χ²	P
指标Variable	DRD3		±σ	B	σ_s	Lower limit	Upper limit	χ²	P
d₂	rs324029	GG	6.22±1.05	-0.143	0.067	-0.274	-0.012	4.599	0.032
		GA	6.60±1.07	-0.084	0.082	-0.244	0.076	1.061	0.303
		AA	7.18±1.08	0^a
	rs226082	CC	6.44±1.07	-0.003	0.046	-0.093	0.088	0.003	0.956
		CT	7.12±1.06	0.101	0.041	0.021	0.181	6.086	0.014
		TT	6.42±1.05	0^a
d₃	rs2134655	GG	5.95±1.05	-0.206	0.105	-0.412	0.000	3.851	0.050
		GA	6.57±1.06	-0.080	0.095	-0.265	0.105	0.714	0.398
		AA	6.88±1.09	0^a
	rs226082	CC	6.73±1.11	0.037	0.060	-0.080	0.154	0.392	0.531
		CT	7.48±1.10	0.142	0.047	0.050	0.235	9.106	0.003
		TT	6.48±1.10	0^a
d₅	rs2134655	GG	0.74±1.03	0.185	0.066	0.057	0.313	7.983	0.005
		GA	0.70±1.05	0.122	0.045	0.035	0.209	7.500	0.006
		AA	0.62±1.07	0^a
	rs167771	GG	0.62±1.07	-0.177	0.051	-0.276	-0.078	12.207	0.000
		GA	0.69±1.06	-0.070	0.069	-0.204	0.064	1.037	0.309
		AA	0.74±1.04	0^a
P_f	rs226082	CC	17.62±1.04	0.008	0.012	-0.014	0.031	0.532	0.466
		CT	18.26±1.04	0.024	0.010	0.004	0.044	5.681	0.017
		TT	17.28±1.03	0^a
	rs167771	GG	17.28±1.04	0.011	0.011	-0.010	0.032	1.111	0.292
		GA	19.10±1.06	0.055	0.021	0.014	0.096	6.825	0.009
		AA	16.84±1.03	0^a
m_l	rs2134655	GG	22.17±1.03	-0.120	0.056	-0.229	-0.012	4.712	0.026
		GA	23.80±1.04	-0.052	0.044	-0.138	0.035	1.372	0.236
		AA	25.03±1.06	0^a
	rs226082	CC	23.07±1.05	-0.007	0.038	-0.081	0.067	0.036	0.811
		CT	24.58±1.04	0.055	0.022	0.013	0.097	6.505	0.013
		TT	23.28±1.04	0^a
	rs167771	GG	22.87±1.06	0.012	0.042	-0.071	0.094	0.078	0.831
		GA	25.47±1.05	0.115	0.045	0.028	0.202	6.644	0.008
		AA	22.66±1.04

指标Variable	DRD3		±σ	B	σ_s	95% Confidence Interval		χ²	P
指标Variable	DRD3		±σ	B	σ_s	Lower limit	Upper limit	χ²	P
d₂	rs324029	GG	6.22±1.05	-0.143	0.067	-0.274	-0.012	4.599	0.032
		GA	6.60±1.07	-0.084	0.082	-0.244	0.076	1.061	0.303
		AA	7.18±1.08	0^a
	rs226082	CC	6.44±1.07	-0.003	0.046	-0.093	0.088	0.003	0.956
		CT	7.12±1.06	0.101	0.041	0.021	0.181	6.086	0.014
		TT	6.42±1.05	0^a
d₃	rs2134655	GG	5.95±1.05	-0.206	0.105	-0.412	0.000	3.851	0.050
		GA	6.57±1.06	-0.080	0.095	-0.265	0.105	0.714	0.398
		AA	6.88±1.09	0^a
	rs226082	CC	6.73±1.11	0.037	0.060	-0.080	0.154	0.392	0.531
		CT	7.48±1.10	0.142	0.047	0.050	0.235	9.106	0.003
		TT	6.48±1.10	0^a
d₅	rs2134655	GG	0.74±1.03	0.185	0.066	0.057	0.313	7.983	0.005
		GA	0.70±1.05	0.122	0.045	0.035	0.209	7.500	0.006
		AA	0.62±1.07	0^a
	rs167771	GG	0.62±1.07	-0.177	0.051	-0.276	-0.078	12.207	0.000
		GA	0.69±1.06	-0.070	0.069	-0.204	0.064	1.037	0.309
		AA	0.74±1.04	0^a
P_f	rs226082	CC	17.62±1.04	0.008	0.012	-0.014	0.031	0.532	0.466
		CT	18.26±1.04	0.024	0.010	0.004	0.044	5.681	0.017
		TT	17.28±1.03	0^a
	rs167771	GG	17.28±1.04	0.011	0.011	-0.010	0.032	1.111	0.292
		GA	19.10±1.06	0.055	0.021	0.014	0.096	6.825	0.009
		AA	16.84±1.03	0^a
m_l	rs2134655	GG	22.17±1.03	-0.120	0.056	-0.229	-0.012	4.712	0.026
		GA	23.80±1.04	-0.052	0.044	-0.138	0.035	1.372	0.236
		AA	25.03±1.06	0^a
	rs226082	CC	23.07±1.05	-0.007	0.038	-0.081	0.067	0.036	0.811
		CT	24.58±1.04	0.055	0.022	0.013	0.097	6.505	0.013
		TT	23.28±1.04	0^a
	rs167771	GG	22.87±1.06	0.012	0.042	-0.071	0.094	0.078	0.831
		GA	25.47±1.05	0.115	0.045	0.028	0.202	6.644	0.008
		AA	22.66±1.04