Abstract: Bancun site, which is a tanelevation of about 230 meters, is located on the second terrance in middle reach of Yellow river, Henan Province.
The paper deal with the plant fruits and seeds obtained from the Peligang and the second period of Miaodegou culture. During the about 7000aBP. the Bancun site used to be covered by warm-temperate broad-leaf deciduaus trees, consisted of Quercus, Celtis, Cornus and etc. Mianwhile some herbaceous plants, such as Perilla frutescens and Glycine soja might have grown in the wetlands of Bancun locality.
Judging from the nature of cultivated species, such as Setalia italica and Panicum milliaceum during 4500aBP. or so , forest was decreased by Human ultization and reconstuction of natural environment in prehistoric time of the second period in Miaodegou culture. Moreover, there′s a difference between in labor tool and farmig and fishery-hunting in primitive ecoromy of Bancun site.
So , this paper is based on the datum of plant remains discovery at Bancun site provided important information for study cultural development and natural environment changes in middle reach, Yellow river. It is pointed out that plant evidence is still short for Yangshao culture ( the first period of Miaodegou) , so , it is necessary to make further investigation.

Key words: Plant remains, Human environment, Bancun site, Mianchi county, Neolithic relict