Located in the center of Horqin Sandy Land, Haminmangha Site is the most important prehistoric settlement site found in the north of the West Liaohe River. In this paper, the abandoned contexts of 44 dwellings excavated during 2010-2014 are comprehensively investigated and divided into three types. Different types of dwellings reflect different abandonment ways, which correspond to three abandonment patterns, corresponding to catastrophic, unexpected return and expected return.The fragile ecological environment of Horqin Sandy Land urges people to adopt a mobile settlement and rely on diversified ways of livelihood, thus forming the patterns of unexpected return and expected return. However, this short-term balance of human-land relationship still faces a potential crisis. When a series of factors are coupled, it leads to a terrible disaster, resulting in the catastrophic abandonment mode in the final stage of settlement.