Nanyang basin is a geographical transition zone and cultural intersection area and its archaeological sites show some typical characteristics of the cultrue integration of South and North China. The Wenkangoudong locality of Western Zhou dynasty is an important site of the late Longshan Culture period in Nanyang basin. We attempt to discuss the planting patterns and characteristics of agricultural production comprehensively by analysising the macroremains and phytolith combining with the previous botanical evidence and dating results. The results show that the people of Wenkangoudong locality lived on dry farming by planting millets, accompanied by small amounts of rice and wheat during the late Longshan period. However, the latter crops played a relatively weak role in the lives of the ancient people. During the Western Zhou period, the dry-farming production mode was continued, and the planting scale was slightly expanded. No carbonized rice was discovered, but the analysis of phytolith reveals that rice still had been planted. Due to the political influence of Zhou dynasty and the demand of territory expansion, wheat gradually occupied a position in the daily lives of the ancient people. In general, the excavation and archaeobotanical research of Wenkangoudong locality could provide new materials for revealing the cultural features of the pre-Qin period sites in the southwestern Henan Province and their cultural exchange with the central plain sites.