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    15 September 1988, Volume 7 Issue 03
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    Study on the depression and thinning in parietal bone
    Yang Dengsong, Yu Shoumin, Cui Gonghao
    1988, 7(03):  0-229、290. 
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    This paper presents 16 cases of calvaria with depression and thinning in parietal bones among 1480 adult skulls. The items investigated are the form and depth of the depression as well as the sex, age and form of skulls. Besides, roentgenologic and histologic methods were also used in this study.
    All depressions were found in the skulls of aged, and most of them occurred bilaterally and appeared as the thinning of outer lamina and dipl?e of calvarium without involvement of surrounding tissues.
    ln the lateral radiogram, the depression showed as a wide-band and low-density opacity.The bone section in this region demonstrated increment of incompletely, closed osteons and also the occulusion of lacunae which probably led to bone atrophy.
    A brief study of Late Palaeolithic localities at Xuetian Village of Wuchang Country, Heilongjiang Province
    Yu Huili
    1988, 7(03):  0-262、294. 
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    The present paper deals with a preliminary observation of two late paleolithic localities which are situated at Xuetian village of Wuchang County, Heilongjiang Province and were excavated in September 1986. Some human fossils, stone artifacts were found in one of them (H8601), while many mammalian fossils and some chipping bone artifacts were encountered in the localities (H8601 and H8602).
    It is the first time that a fragmentary tibia of Homo sapiens sapiens was discovered in Heilongjiang Province.
    Distribution of Kidd, Duffy, Kell, Xg, Rh, Diego and P Blood Groups in Yi, Tibetan and Manchu Ethnic Groups in China
    Ai Qionghua, Yuan Yida, Zhao Hong, Li Shizhe, Du Ruofu, Zhan Wenhui
    1988, 7(03):  191-199. 
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    A survey on distribution of Kidd, Duffy, Kell, Xg, Rh, Diego and P blood groups was carried out in 1985 in the Yi nationality (Butao County, Sichuan Prov.), Tibetan ( Lhasa City, Tibetan Autonomous Region) and Manchu nationality (Xiuyan County, Liaoning Prov.).
    The gene frequencies observed were as follow:
    Yi-Jk2 0.4144, Fy2 0.9628, K 0.000; C0.7215, c 0.2785, D 1.0000, d 0.0000, E 0.2223, e 0.7777, CDe 0.7215, cDE 0.2223, cDe 0.0562.
    Tibetan-Jk2 0.4447; Fy2 0.9498; K 0.0051; C 0.6946, c 0.3054, D 0.9293, d 0.0707, E 0.3201, e 0.6799, CDE 0.0931, Cde 0.5270, Cde 0.0709, cDE 0.2270, cDe 0.0820; Xg2 0.4030; Di2 0.0255; P1 0.2138.
    Maiichu-Jk2 0.4262; Fy2 0.9405; C0.6056, c 0.3944, D 0.9020, d 0.0980, E 0.3600, e 0.6400, CDE 0.0666, CDe 0.4406, Cde 0.0976, cDE 0.2934, cDe 0.1018; Xg2 0.3887; Di2 0.0168; P1 0.1577.
    Investigation of physiological constant of female pelves of different nationalties in Mauritania
    Yang Shoufan, Zhao Defa
    1988, 7(03):  200-205. 
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    In this paper we reported some anatomical and clinical data of the pelves of 312 cases of main nationalities in Mauritania determined by X-ray and clinical examination.
    It is shown that character of female pelvis of Mauritania is deep in front and shallow in back. The sacrum raised in its back. Its inclination is bigger. The middle and lower section of pelvis is bigger than that of Chinese significantly. Several diameters of pelvis of White Moors are bigger than those of Black. Its basic shape is round. There are no difference in the entrance of pelvis among Black female and Yellow or White.
    A study on the skulls from Taiyuan, Shanxi
    Wang Linghong, Sun Fengjie
    1988, 7(03):  206-214. 
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    The basic statistics of 109 metrical traits and the incidences of 63 non -metrical traits in both male and female skulls from Taiyuan, Shanxi are reported in the present paper. The incidences of these non-metrical traits may be of use for a further comparative study. The side differences and the sexual differences of these metrical traits have been revealed by the t-tests. On the average, the orbital breadth, the height of mandibular body at foramen mentale and the breadth of mandibular notch on right side are significantly or very significantly larger than the corresponding measurements on left side in both male and female group. In male group alone, the orbital height on right is larger and the height of ca put mandibular on right is smaller than on left. These side differences probably are related with the right dominence in mastication. The sexual differences in Taiyuan series are generally reflected in a larger size of male skulls. Besides, the averages of the subtense mf-mf, the naso-malar angle and the profile angle of frontal bone in male group are statistically very significantly smaller than the corresponding values in female. Using 8 metrical traits in skulls with mandibles, the discriminant analysis leads to 92.5% cases of sexual diagnoses in accordance with those based on the morphology of postcranial bones. The discriminant analyses using a few traits in skulls without mandibles or in mandibles alone as their items produce approximately 90% accuracy. These discriminant functions have been formulated, which can be applied in the range of modern Northern Chinese skulls.
    The measurements of recent Nanjing skulls
    Sun Shanghui, Ou Yongzhang
    1988, 7(03):  215-218. 
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    Nine items of 273 adults skulls (male 157, female 116) in Nanjing were measured. The sexual differences are very significant except one item of them. Some indices were calculated and classified. The hypsicrany, mesocrany, brachycrany, meseny and mesognathous were observed in most male and female skulls.
    A non-metrical research of modern adult Chinese crania in Xi'an
    Zheng Jingzhong, Zhang Huaitao, Yang Yutian, Dang Rulin
    1988, 7(03):  219-224. 
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    One hundred and forty adult Chinese crania (70 males, 70 females) unearthed in Xian were examined for the nonmetrical variation. The incidence of the variations and their sexual differences are listed in a table.
    Tooth attrition and age estimation of Chinese males
    Zhang Jizong, Ji Yuan
    1988, 7(03):  230-234. 
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    The sample consisted of 262 Chinese male skulls of known age (17-71). It was collected from Jiangxi, Qinghai, Jilin, Hebei, Anhui, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi, Shangdong provinces. Observations were made at M1 and M2. Based on the changes on M1 and M2, the tooth attritions were sapareted into ten levels (I-X), and then were scored. The regression equations were constructed with scored M1 and M2 to estimate age at death.
    The method of age estimation has a sufficient value for practical purposes.
    The relationship between Upper Palaeolithic human fossils of China and Japan
    Wu Xinzhi
    1988, 7(03):  235-238. 
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    The author calculated the coefficients of divergence of the Upper Palaeolithic human skulls unearthed from Liujiang and Upper Cave of China as well as Minatogawa of Japan. The resulting figures were presented in the Chinese text ( with English names in parentheses). According to the coefficient of divergene, Liujiang male skull is very close to that of Minatogawa. The degree of closeness between them approximated to that between two female skulls of Upper Cave and that between two female skulls of Minatogawa. Minatogawa Man was more diverse from Upper Cave Man. The data of the stature of humans of these sites also support this impression.
    Although U.C. 102 skull has weak artificial deformation its mispresented measuring values can not change the general pattern of the relationships among the skulls involved in the present paper because the changes of the dimensions of UC102 are rather small.
    According to the uranium series dating, Liujiang Man lived about 60000 years ago. The ancestors of Minatogawa Man might be closely related to Liujiang Man. In Minatogawa and the Neolithic human skeletons found from the coastal area of south and east parts of China there were evidences of tooth extraction which had not occurred in Liujiang and other Palaeolithic skulls of China. So the habit of tooth extraction in certain parts of Neolithic China might be originated from Okinawa.
    The shape of nasal saddle of Minatogawa Man was closer to those of Upper Cave and different from that of Liujiang which was much flatter.
    Racial characters of the human skull from Shan PuLa Cemetery in Luo Pu County, Xinjiang
    Han Kangxin
    1988, 7(03):  239-248、287. 
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    The materials of human crania from Shan Pu La cemetery, Luopu county, Xinjiang are restudied by author in this paper. The conclusion is that ancient population represented by these crania is very close to the east Mediterranean race of the dolichocephalic Europoid in basic morphological characters and not a mixed pattern of “Great Mongoloid with some Europoid characters”, as Shao said in his article.
    The oral condtions of human skulls of the Western Han Dynasty
    Wei Boyuan, Peng Shulin, Zhang Wenguang
    1988, 7(03):  249-254、288. 
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    The oral conditions of six human skulls in a tomb of the Western Han Dynasty found at Lopowan, Gui County, Guangxi in 1976, were observed.
    The oral condition of F1, one of the six skulls, is most complex. She was with a opposing occlusion, the heavier caries, more co1nplex periodontitis and heavier dental wear.
    The heavier dental wear of those younger specimens indicates that their foods were harder and rougher. The shovel-shaped upper incisors and the pattern of five cusps on lower second molar indicate that they belong to Mongoloid.
    Besides we also found they had lower rate of the caries and periodontitis, higher rate of eruption of the third molar, of opposing occlusion, which probably are the main difference in mouth character between the people of the Western Han Dynasty and modern people.
    Environment and statigraphy at Shuidonggou Site
    Zhou Kunshu, Hu Jilan
    1988, 7(03):  263-269. 
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    The Shuidonggou site is 30 km northeast to Lingwu county in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Neolithic and Late Paleolithic remains were found at this site.
    The results of field investigation, chronological research and sporo- pollen analysis show that the Quaternary of Shuidouggou could be correlated with the upper Salawusu river formation. The Late Paleolithic culture is dated to 20-10 thousand years BP. and under dry and cold climate of Pleniglacial of Last glacial.
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