Table of Content

15 December 2002, Volume 21 Issue 04

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The comparsion of some morphological features between the African and Chinese Homo erectus

LIU Wu ; Emma Mbua ; WU Xiu-jie;

2002, 21(04):  255-267. 

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For the debate on the relationship between African and Asian Homo erectus, the present paper examined the main cranial features that are used to support the separation of Asian and African Homo erectus and put the African Homo erectus into Homo ergaster. The African specimens observed in present study include the earliest fossils of Homo erectus skulls ever found in East Africa (KNM-ER 3733 、KNM-ER 3883 and KNM-WT 15000). The supporters for the separation of Asian and African Homo erectus use these fossils as the main evidence to demonstrate their opinions. In present study, 18 cranial features were compared between African and Chinese Homo erectus. Our results show that some morphological features suggested to be uniquely derived character state for East Asian Homo erectus also occur in the East African Homo erectus. The differences between African and Chinese Homo erectus for these cranial features are mainly the expression pattern and extents of development. The authors be- lieve that according to the comparisons of the cranial features in present paper, the cranial morphologies of African and Chinese Homo erectus are very similar, and the morphological differences between them may just reflect the morphological variations of Homo erectus. The opinion that supports the existence of Asian Homo erectus autapomorphies cannot be proved in present study.

Estimation of stature from Lumbar vertebrae of Chinese males

ZHANG Ji-zong ; LIU Zhuang-chao ; ZHAO Zhong-ge

2002, 21(04):  268-272. 

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Object: The purposes of this study was provide measurements of lumbar vertebrae and to obtain regressive equations for estimating the stature of Chinese male on the basis of these data. Methods: lumbar vertebrae of 88 individuals with known age and sex, as well as stature were measured according to Martin's method. The measurements are as follow: 1. anterior height of the vertebral body (X1 ), 2. posterior height of the vertebral body(X2 ), 3. upper antero-posterior diameter of the vertebral body (X3 ), 4. lower anteroposterior diameter of the vertebral body (X4 ), 5. upper trans- verse diameter of the vertebral body (X5 ), 6. lower transverse diameter of the vertebral body (X6 ), 7. middle transverse diameter of the vertebral body (X7 ), 8. antero-posterior diameter of the vertebral foramen (X8 ), 9. transverse diameter of the vertebral foramen (X9 ), 10. left thickness of pedicle of vertebral arch (X10 ). The correlation and regression analysis between the measurements and the stature were made by SPSS soft ware.
Results:
1 The regression equation of the anterior height of the vertebral body (X1 ) L1-5.
Y =1015.715 +5.425X1 (L1 ) +8.997X1 (L2 ) +6.592X1 (L3 )+4.784X2 1(L4 ) -1.601X2 1(L5 )
R =0.531 SE=57.1031
2 The regression equation of the posterior height of the vertebral body (X2 ) L1-5. Y =1165.735 +3.161X2 (L1 ) +8.558X2 (L2 )
-4.292X2 (L3 ) +7.678X2 (L4 ) +2.575X2 (L5 )
R =0.446 SE=59.8705
Conclusions: The equations can be used for estimating the stature of Chinese males.

An analysis on the growth of the head part of Dong nationality youths

ZHOU Li-ning ; WEI Bo-yuan; DENG Xiang-fa; DENG Qiong-ying ; XU Lin; GONG Ji-chun; XU Xi-jin

2002, 21(04):  273-278. 

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To adopt the method of stratified random sampling, nine items of measurements and their relevant indices of the head of 2087 (male 1055, female 1032) normal youths of 7-16 years old of Dong nationality from Sanjiang Autonomous County of Guangxi were investigated in this paper.The relation- ships between the youth' s development of head and ages were compared and analyzed. Classifications are based on various cephalic and facial indices. The results show that the nine items of measurements of youths grow with the increase of age besides the maximum bead breadth, and significant difference of the nine items berween the males and females was found. The head-face type of both sexes of Dong na- tionality belong to brachycephaly according to the cephalic index, hypsicephalic type according to the length-height index of the head, tapeinocephalic type, to the breadth-height index, euryprosopy, to the morphological facial index.

Study on adult somatotype of gelao-nationality with heath-carter method

HUANG Xiu-feng ; LI Pei-chun; ZHONG Bin; TANG Jun; QIN Li-miao

2002, 21(04):  279-284. 

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Heath-Carter method was applied to study the somatotype of 409 aboriginal Gelao adult individuals (204 males; 205 females) with ages ranging from 20 to 60 in Daozhen County of Guizhou. The results are: (1) The mean somatotype of males falled in Esto-Mesomorph category (1.7 —4.8 —2.5), while that of females was Endo-Mesomorph category (2.8 —4.4 —1.8); (2)Age rising up, the values of Endomorph increased with that of the Ectomorph decreasing. Somatotype obviously changed after 35 in females. (3)Except the 20 ～ group having obvious sexual difference in the somatotype, the rest of each group have highly significant difference. (4)Compared with the somatotypes of other groups, the Gelao have less fat with less-developed skeletal muscles and a slender figure.

Somatotyping analysis of Han children and adolecent in Inner Mogolia

LU Shun-hua ; QI Lian-zhi ; WANG Shu-xun ; ZHU Qin QINGLE Zha-bu ; ZHANG Xing-lai

2002, 21(04):  285-291. 

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Somatotype of Han urban and rural students aged 7 to 18 was analysed in a group of 3088 individuals (1489 boys and 1599 girls) in Inner Mongolia with the Heath-Carer anthropometric me- thod. The results showed that major somatotype of urban and rural boys was mesomorphic ectomorphy, then were mesomorph-ectomorph and ectomorphic mesomorphy. In urban and rural girls, major somato- type was mesonorphic endomorphy, then were central and endomorphic ectomorphy. In the period from age 8 to 13, the somatotype of boys or girls has a significant difference between urban and rural students in a same age and same sex group. After 13 year, the somatotype between them is similar.There was a significant difference in somatotype between males and females of urban and rural students.

Physical constitution and genetic relationship of Shanghai suburbia

LIN Ling; LI Hui; ZHANG Hai-guo; XIA Yuan-min; JIN Li ; LU Da-ru

2002, 21(04):  293-305. 

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Owning to the special location of Shanghai, almost every large population migration throughout the history of China left traces in Shanghai. We collected data of Shanghai from 13 populations which have obvious differences in terms of dialects. The cluster analysis on the data showed that the populations to the east of Huangpu River are relatively pure while the populations to the west of Huangpu River are relatively mingled. Both the populations can be further clustered to a third one. This suggests that the populations in Shanghai suburb may have 3 sources. (Most of the inhabitants of Jinhui town in west Fengxian County and the Maqiao town of Minhang area are natives of South China. The inhabitants of Chongming County, Jiading area Pudong area and Nanhui County are the immigrants from North China, those of Touqiao town in Fengxian County, Jinshan area, Zhujiajiao and Shangta of Qingpu area, Tianmashan of Songjiang area are the immigrates from the west. ) These conclusions are generally consistent to the historical record, except for some minor deviations.


Study of pollical type, palmar digital frmula, hand clasping, arm folding, and handedness in Hui and Han nationalities of Ningxia

HUO Zheng-hao; CHEN Yin-tao; PEN Liang; JIAO Hai-yan

2002, 21(04):  307-310. 

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It was investigated 5 general indexes of anthropological genetics including pollical type, palmar digital formula, hand clasping, arm folding and handedness in Hui and Han Nationalities of Ningxia. The results showed as follows: (1) There were extremely significant difference in the frequency of palmar digital formula in 2 nationalities (P <0.01), but those of arm folding, hand clasping, pollical type and handedness showed no significant differencies. (2) There were no significant sex difference in the frequency of pollical type, hand clasping, arm folding and handedness. The frequency of long type of ring finger in male is higher than that in female, and the difference is much clear (P <0.01). (3) There were obvious correlation between handedness and hand clasping 、handed- ness and arm folding, but no relation between arm folding and hand clasping.

Study on polymorphism of the SDF1 allele in 4 ethnic groups of China

ZHANG Chun-yu; XUE Ya-li; HUANG Xiao-yi; MA Lin-lin; YU Yang; LIU An; L Fu-qǜ; LI Pu; FU Song-bin

2002, 21(04):  311-314. 

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To study the mutant frequency and polymorphism of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) con- ferring resistance to determined HIV-1 AIDS in 4 ethnic groups in China.The studied population in- cluded 184 subjects, of which consisted the Hui (n =57), the Oroqen (n =71), the Mongolian (n = 30), the Xibe (n =26). The genotype of the SDF1-3' A was detected by PCR RFLP with the digestion of restriction endonuclease Msp I. The frequency of SDF1-3' A mutant allele was :38.3 %of theMon- golian, 23.1 %of the Xibe, 20.2 %of the Hui and 10.6 %of the Oroqen. The difference of SDF1-3' A polymorphisms were found in 4 ethnic groups in China.

A deramtoglyphic study of the Qianghai Tu nationality of China

YANG Jiang-min ; WANG Han ; ZHANG Hai-guo ; WANG Ping ; XU Guo-zhi ; ZHONG Shi-xiang ; WANG Zhi-shan ; LU Zhen-yu ; HUANG Wei ; WANG Zhu-gang ; CHEN Ren-biao

2002, 21(04):  315-322. 

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This paper reports that dermatoglyphic parameter of the Qinghai Tu nationality of China. We take the ink print of fingerprint, palmar and sole with informed consent. The sample comprised 106 males and 108 females. The results was obtained from TFRC, a-bRC, atd tPD, fingerprint, hand interdigital, hand thenar, hand hypothenar, simian line, hallucal, sole interdigital, sole hypothenar and calcar patterns. The established data base of Tu nationality dermatoglyphic parameters are useful in the anthropology, genetics and medical studies.

U-series dating of the Hominid skull from Tonglu, Zhejiang

SHI Li ; JIN Xing-sheng; CHENG Hai; SHEN Guan-jun

2002, 21(04):  323-324. 

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U-series age determinations using conventional alpha spectrometry and high-precision mass spectrometry were carried on calcite outer cast of the hominid skull recovered from a cave in Tonglu County, Zhejiang Province. The results suggest a time period between 5 and 10ka as the best age esti- mate for this fossil hominid.

Java fauna:compared with that of Zhoukoudian area and south China

TONG Hao-wen

2002, 21(04):  325-336. 

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Recently the vertebrate faunal succession established by von Koenigswald in 1930s was replaced by a new one which was proposed by Sondaar (1984), which arose some problems in regional correlations, because the relationship between the two schemes are not very clear,and some of the guide fossils mentioned by von Koenigswald were not included in the new scheme. In China, we used to compare the Jetis Fauna with Gongwangling fauna, Trinil Fauna with Zhoukoudian and Yanjinggou Faunas, but at the present time, both of the faunal names were given up. The new dating works changed the old scheme of faunas, the oldest mammalian fossil record in Java is only 1.5 Ma, which had been thought to be Middle Pliocene in the past half century. The new results from the dating works are not well correlated yet with the turnover of faunal assemblages. It's sure that the Java Faunas have close relationship with that of China, but how we can correlate them precisely is still to be done in the future.